To explore how sustainability is being studied in hotels and homestays, we searched for research papers in the Web of Science Core Collection, one of the most trusted academic databases ( Mongeon & Paul-Hus, 2016). Based on earlier research guidelines ( Marzi et al., 2025), we created a search using important terms such as “sustainability,” “sustainable practices,” “green practices,” “eco-friendly practices,” and “environmentally friendly practices”, combined with the words “hotel” and “homestay” ( Donthu et al., 2021). We searched for these terms in the titles, abstracts, and keywords of the papers ( Zupic & Čater, 2015). The initial search gave us 2,796 results. Then, we filtered the results to include only papers written in English and limited them to research articles, review papers, and early access articles ( Gusenbauer & Haddaway, 2020). We also focused on papers published in top journals like Sustainability, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, International Journal of Hospitality Management, and International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. After applying these filters, we ended up with 1,932 relevant papers, which we used for our analysis. This process enabled us to collect high-quality and meaningful research on sustainability in hotels and homestays.

The bibliometric dataset used in this study includes a total of 1,932 publications retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection, covering the period from 1998 to 2025. These documents focus on sustainability-related topics within the context of hotels and homestays. The current set has a total of 48,279 citations with an average of 24.81, and thus it proves a significant interest on the scholarly level in the given area ( Donthu et al., 2021). Moreover, the dataset shows a strong academic impact with an h-index of 100, which means that there are at least 100 articles published in it that have been cited at least 100 times ( Hirsch, 2005). This strong and substantial literature leads to a good basis of bibliometric analysis and enables the assessment of the main research directions, key contributors, and major thematic areas within the sustainable practices subject in hotels and homestays ( Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017; Zupic & Čater, 2015).

A systematic filter procedure was used based on the first saved search to question the quality of the dataset and its relevance ( Donthu et al., 2021; Zupic & Čater, 2015). Publications in languages other than English were excluded to provide linguistic homogeneity in the analysis and interpretation of data ( Mongeon & Paul-Hus, 2016). The type of documents was limited to peer-reviewed articles, review papers, and early access publications, which guaranteed the inclusion of scholarly work and academic rigour ( Gusenbauer & Haddaway, 2020). Moreover, to concentrate the research work on high-quality and relevant sources, the sample was narrowed down to the publications by the most influential journals, i.e., Sustainability, Journal of Sustainable Tourism, International Journal of Hospitality Management, and International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. These filters ended up with a final set of relevant publications numbering 1,932.

To perform the analysis of the dataset, we applied the Bibliometrix R package, a wide-ranging, free, and open-source tool, which is developed specifically to work with bibliometric studies ( Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017). This set made it possible to assess the literature quantitatively, as well as conceptually map it. The Bibliometrix interface was deployed using the Biblioshiny interface since it is a convenient and accessible web application that improves usability. It enables non-programmer researchers to run large-scale bibliometric studies and easily produce meaningful graphic representations ( Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017; Donthu et al., 2021). Besides Bibliometrix, we also integrated VOSviewer, a software package for building and visualising bibliometric networks (co-authorship, keyword co-occurrence, and citation networks) ( Van Eck & Waltman, 2010). The interaction of Bibliometrix and VOSviewer is sufficiently common in bibliometric literature as one of the robust and compatible integrations ( Marzi et al., 2025). All of these tools built the analytical core of the research and allowed exploring the publication patterns, intellectual networks, thematic development, and the collaboration patterns of the authors in depth. In addition, to ascertain transparency and rigour during the data selection procedure, we developed a PRISMA 2020 flowchart ( Fig. 1) detailing the inclusion criteria and exclusion criteria carried out during the procedure of refining datasets ( Page et al., 2021). This is a combination of analysis tools and forms a comprehensive, very reproducible, and methodologically strong bibliometric analysis.

The present study relies on the bibliometric approach, which implements quantitative techniques to work with bibliographic and citation data. Bibliometric reviews examine large quantities of published data, unlike the traditional systematic literature reviews, which mostly emphasise qualitative discussion. This technique assists in determining the research trends, patterns, and relationships in a general area of investigation. The study uses a quantitative bibliometric approach to map the intellectual and conceptual framework of sustainability studies of hotels and homestays. Bibliometric analysis is commonly accepted as a supplementary method of systematic literature reviews and meta-analysis, as it provides strong evaluation using citation-based metrics, authorship, institutional impact, and geographical patterns ( Donthu et al., 2021; Zupic & Čater, 2015). Co-citation analysis is a bibliometric method that is frequently used in research ( Singh & Chaurasia, 2022). It also looks at the dependence of documents by looking at the frequency of co-occurrence of two articles in subsequent research ( Shiau et al., 2023). Two publications being mentioned in the same paper are said to be co-cited, which points to a close intellectual relationship between them ( Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017). This is a technique to determine key research trends and the general knowledge organisation of a discipline. Hence, in this study, co-citation analysis was used to investigate the emergence of sustainability research in the hotels and homestay research ( Arici et al., 2022).

The data set is composed of journal articles, books, book chapters, review papers, proceedings, and editors. Three of them were used: citation analysis, which identifies the influence of works that shape the field ( Gundolf & Filser, 2013; Hota et al., 2020; Zupic & Čater, 2015); co-citation analysis, which reveals the foundational knowledge by comparing documents cited concurrently ( Donthu et al., 2021; Sarin et al., 2020; Small, 1973); and co-word analysis, which explores relationships among keywords to reveal thematic structures and emerging trends ( Callon et al., 1983; Zupic & Čater, 2015).

The final list offered 1,932 articles published yearly between 1998 and 2025 that go beyond three decades of academic work in the sustainability area of hotels and homestays. The publishing materials were acquired through the Web of Science Core Collection, which is a credible academic publication that uses comprehensive indexing. A total of 48,279 citations has been obtained in the dataset, with an average of 24.81 per document. The computed value of the h-index of the data counts was 100 this implies it has had a huge influence and that there has always been a topicality with academic concern in the field of study. The data refers not only to the amount of scholarly production but also to the variety of research topics and authors, which creates a strong background for bibliometric analysis.

Table 1 depicts general information about the dataset. The sources published the documents between 1998 and 2025 in a range of 18 sources. The modal age of published documents is 4 years, and an average of 24.67 references is directed to each published document. This data contains 96,650 references and 9,152 unique keywords, 2,957 of which were Keywords Plus and 6,195 were author-supplied. These documents are published by 5,062 authors; 119 works are single-authored. It can be estimated that about 42.6 percent of the works are the products of international cooperation, which demonstrates high worldwide scholarly interest in the sustainability of hotels and homestays.

4.1.1 Annual publication trend

Figure 2 shows the chronological path of academic publications with regard to sustainability in hotels and homestays. Its first contribution came in 1998, but long-term academic interest did not arise until 2005. Publications gradually gained an upward slope over the next ten years, and then a significant growth began in 2016. There was a significant increase between 2018 and 2021, and 298 articles were published in 2021, a record. This growth persisted up to 2022, 2023, and 2024, with the number of publications being 285, 272, and 255, respectively, signifying the sustainable scholarly interest.

4.1.2 Citation trend

Citation measures further explain the impacts of such research. The earlier articles (2005 and 2007) recorded very high average citations per new publication (169.5 and 224.5, respectively), which shows their continuous impact. Similarly, 2012, 151.06 citations/article and a 10.79 citation rate also shaped up as a very fruitful and influential year. Because of their shorter time to disseminate, the average citations per publication of more recent articles also decrease, but with their presented constant activity since 2020, as shown in Figure 3, indicates that sustainability as a research topic in hotels and homestays will be relevant and generate new studies.

4.2.1 Top journals

Table 2 brings the ten most cited journals on sustainability in hotels and homestays that give an idea of the ten most active and influential publication sources in the area of sustainability in the hotel and homestay sector. (1) When it comes to sustainability, directly linked journals are connected with tourism. Sustainability leads with 1,227 works, and it makes up 63.07 percent of the total publications. Journal of Sustainable Tourism comes next with 130 (6.68 percent) articles. Although Sustainability is a universally scoped, multidisciplinary, open-access journal, the Journal of Sustainable Tourism is subscription-based and is considered a highly recognised publication. They dominate because they are in line with the major themes of the study. (2) The journals have a huge difference in the volume of publication. The two most popular journals alone add up to almost 70 per cent of the cumulative literature, and the other eight journals make up the other 30 per cent. Minor but important roles are played by journals such as International Journal of Hospitality Management (5.65%), International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management (4.47%), and Journal of Cleaner Production (3.03%). (3) Most of the mentioned journals have high impact factors, which means that they are academically influential. In particular, the impact factor of seven of these journals is higher than 5, and four of them are more than 10. Among the most prominent ones are Journal of Hospitality Marketing Management (20.9), Tourism Management (12.4), Journal of Cleaner Production (10.7). These scores not only indicate the effectiveness and topicality of the studies published in these sources but also provide a way for effective publication for the following researchers.

4.2.2 Top categories

Table 3 represents the leading subject areas in the study of sustainability in hotels and homestays. All in all, the evidence refers to a highly developed interdisciplinary background that is interested in, e.g., environmental science, tourism, management, business, and social sciences. In particular, the dominance is attributed to Green Sustainable Science and Technology, Environmental Sciences and Environmental Studies with 75.23, 68.55 and 65.42 per cent of publications, respectively. These findings indicate that the sustainability research in this area is predominantly environmental research. Significance of Hospitality, Leisure, Sport, and Tourism is also important (30.78%), which implies direct participation of the hospitality industry in the challenges of sustainability. Other contributions are broken down into the following categories: Management (10.64%), Environmental Engineering (3.03%), Business (1.23%), Sociology (0.77), and Multidisciplinary Sciences (0.67). Such diversity of categories justifies the interdisciplinary nature of the sustainability research within the framework of hospitality and tourism, where the views of science, business, and social sciences are offered to answer extremely multifaceted issues of sustainability ( Niñerola et al., 2019).

4.2.3 Country collaboration

Figure 4 provides the map of the country collaboration, which introduces the correlations between the international research on collaboration within the domain of sustainability in hotels and homestays ( Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017). The darker colours are a scale of more publications, and the light colours are a scale of fewer publications. It is worth mentioning that the United States, China, the United Kingdom, Australia, and India have a high degree of interconnection, and this demonstrates high cooperation between the regions. Such a high interest in India in these international publications, as well as its increasing interest in the sustainability of hospitality research, confirms that sustainability in hospitality is a global challenge and a modern, developing field in the Indian context ( Blanco-Moreno et al., 2025).

4.2.4 Most cited articles

Table 4 gives the list of most frequently cited articles that have contributed greatly to the discussion of sustainability in hotels and other tourism settings. The listed studies are regarded as significant work because of the high number of citations. Jiang & Wen, (2020) received 495 citations on the effect of COVID-19 on hotel marketing and management, where crisis situations change the focus on sustainability. Kang et al., (2012) and Gössling et al., (2012) based their studies on the willingness of the consumers to pay them to green initiatives and the consumption of tourism resources, respectively, which laid early groundwork of environmental responsibility of hospitality. In a similar manner, Chan et al., (2014) & Chou, (2014) studied environmental beliefs and intentions of employees to engage in green practices and focused on human aspect of sustainability. New topics like green innovation and sustainability performance ( Asadi et al., 2020) and the increasing issue of overtourism ( Koens et al., 2018) indicate the growing complexity of the discipline. Moreover, De Grosbois, (2012) and Choi et al., (2015) helped to comprehend the idea of corporate social responsibility reporting and consumer decision-making in green hotels. All these works together show the theoretical richness and practical applicability of sustainability research in hospitality and tourism and they have great value as guides to researchers and industry practitioners.

4.2.5 Prolific authors

At the top of the list of authors who have extensively written on the sustainability subject in the hotel and homestay industry is Han H., with 31 publications. Notably, Han H. also records the highest number of local citations (193), highlighting both the volume and impact of his contributions to the field. Hall C.M., a long-standing scholar in tourism sustainability, follows closely with 23 publications and 102 citations, reinforcing his influential role in shaping academic discourse as shown in Figure 5. Within the present pool of scholars, Lee S. has managed to produce 16–17 peer-reviewed articles and scored 116 citations, which means equally high scores in productivity and the potential audience of her scholarly work. A similar role is played by Elshaer I.A. (22 publications), Hassan T.H. (21), and Law R. (19), whose overall contribution has managed to expand the research in sustainable hospitality along several vectors of interest, as well as through closely related and thematically varied inquiries. Simultaneously, although they are not ranked in terms of publication volumes, when we consider the citation impact, Okumus F. (176 citations), Chan E.S.W. (166), and Gursoy D. (100) demonstrate a high citation impact, which means that the contribution of these scholars in their fields is significant and influential. The fact that these very prolific and highly referenced authors can exist at the same time signals growth in narrow specialisation and maturity of sustainability scholarship in hospitality and tourism ( Molina-Collado et al., 2022).

4.3.1 The results of the co-occurrence analysis

We analysed the most frequently used keywords in papers by researchers on the issue of sustainability in both hotels and homestays, aiming to gain a clear understanding of how they have approached the matter ( Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017; Donthu et al., 2021). A keyword co-occurrence map was generated using Biblioshiny, based on data extracted from the Web of Science Core Collection. In the visual output, the size of the circles represents the frequency of keyword occurrence, while the connecting lines indicate the strength of co-occurrence between terms.

The keywords that come out strongly in the centre include impact, satisfaction, tourism, management, and performance, and this reflects their relevance as meaningful anchors of sustainability studies in the hospitality industry as depicted in Figure 6. To illustrate the point, guest experience is at the heart of satisfaction because it is closely associated with quality, trust, and service. On the same note, management and tourism are inextricably linked to performance and behaviour, and researchers are interested in assessments of how sustainable practices influence the results of the organisation and the behaviour of the visitor. According to clustering, it is possible to see four large thematic groups:

Cluster 1 (Red): Service Quality and Customer Satisfaction. This cluster relates the quality, loyalty, trust, and service to satisfaction. It also brings out the importance of customer experience and service performance in developing sustainable hotel and homestay practices.

Cluster 2 (Blue): Impact and Perceptions. In this case, such keywords as impact, attitudes, perceptions, and hospitality intersect with each other with the mediating effect of perceptions and experiences in transforming sustainability outcomes.

Cluster 3 (Green): Tourism, Management, and Performance. This group of concepts connects tourism, management, sustainability, and performance by focusing on the operational and strategic aspects of sustainable hospitality practices.

Cluster 4 (Orange/Purple): CSR, Employees, and Innovation. That group, comprising corporate social responsibility, employee engagement, job satisfaction, and innovation, indicates the organisational issues and the importance of staff values in attaining sustainability.

On the whole, the keyword co-occurrence map reveals that even though sustainability research in hospitality is multi-dimensional, the main focus is still on guest satisfaction, impact assessment, and sustainable management, and other areas of emerging interest are CSR, employee engagement, and innovation.

For further clarity, Table 5 lists the top 10 most frequently used author keywords along with their total link strength, highlighting the predominant themes and conceptual linkages that shape the sustainability discourse within hotel and homestay research.

4.3.2 Thematic maps

Figure 7 gives a thematic map that offers a detailed classification of the prevailing themes in the literature on sustainability in the hotel and homestay industry, which are combined in two dimensions: centrality (relevance) and density (development). The mapping provides a theoretical insight into current and upcoming directions in research contained in the field of sustainability discourse. The sustainability-behaviour-management-impact-satisfaction-model cluster is listed in the Basic Themes quadrant, which emphasises the support aspect of the discipline. The fact that it is the biggest among the four quads, as well as the fact that it is located in the centre of the quadrant, emphasises that the satisfaction of the guests, sustainability practices, and management impact are not merely crucial but also highly intertwined with the rest of the research clusters. It means that sustainability in hospitality is conceptualised more in terms of practical and result-focused. The attitudes-knowledge-personality cluster is placed in the Motor Themes quadrant, which refers to the fact that it is very central and dense.

These themes are mature and powerful spheres of research, which emphasise the contribution of personal perceptions, behavioural patterns, and psychological factors to a sustainable hospitality practice. Conversely, the theme of energy consumption appears in the Emerging or Declining Themes quadrant with a fairly low centrality and density. This indicates that there is an existence of energy related researches, although they are insufficiently covered and are yet to be incorporated in mainstream discussions on sustainability. Nevertheless, there is great potential of this field in the future. Lastly, the Niche Themes quadrant has business models, hotel buildings, consumer acceptance and competitiveness. The fact that they are so dense and less central means that they are niche areas of study that are developed but slightly marginal to the larger sustainability literature. These themes are of academic rigour and niche development, especially in the treatment of innovativeness, operation strategy and consumer reaction towards sustainable hospitality. Altogether, the thematic map indicates that the literature prioritises the impact, the satisfaction, and the behavioural dimensions as the foundation of sustainability research, but, at the same time, points to the promising yet underutilised domains like energy consumption, governance, and business models that may determine the way research in hotels and homestays proceeds in the future.

4.3.3 The results of thematic evolutionary analysis

To investigate the advancement of thematic development in the sustainability research in hotel/homestay over the years, we explored the development of thematic change by visualising a Sankey diagram ( Aria & Cuccurullo, 2017), which is found in Figure 8. This image shows how the major research topics have changed and how they are interrelated with one another in four different time frames, including 1998–2020, 2021, 2022–2023, and 2024–2025. The themes are depicted with nodes, and the strength and continuity of such themes result in the thickness of the lines connecting the nodes. In the previous period (1998–2020), the basic terms or works touching on such aspects as tourism, satisfaction, impact, and perceptions prevailed. Moving to 2021, we see the emergence of more analytical and systemic-based themes like mediating role, economic growth, policy, and willingness-to-pay, meaning that sustainability has to study the drivers and recipients of sustainability. During the 2022–2023 phase, such themes as the so-called framework, resources, or corporate social responsibility and design were also on the rise, which indicates that an increased focus is placed on structured ways to employ sustainable practices. Lastly, in the latest segment (2024–2025), there has been an orientation to the newer terms, the heritages, migrations, innovation, and capabilities, which indicates a potential extension of the sphere of sustainability research to newer and more dynamic processes, such as cultural sustainability, human mobility, and efficient operations in the hospitality business. The prominent use of such themes as the impact and the satisfaction covering the same period also proves that these issues remain at the centre of the development of sustainable hospitality and homestay studies.

The results of the thematic analysis ( Fig. 7) and of the thematic evolution mapping ( Fig. 8) further indicate a number of key gaps in the current state-of-the-art on sustainability in hotels and homestays. Although themes such as satisfaction of the guest, sustainable operations, and environmental responsibility are strongly represented, there are still several relevant ones that are inadequately explored or covered concerning theoretical integration and scholarly interest ( Horng et al., 2018; Janjua et al., 2021; Thakur et al., 2024). Thematic mapping revealed the presence of a number of low-density and low-centrality clusters (namely, those mapping to performance assessment, corporate social responsibility, and innovation) that apply to the periphery of the conceptual structure of the field. They are acknowledged yet barely intertwined with mainstream areas of focus in research, which implies that the themes have not attained a stage of conceptual and integration maturity in the mainstream discourse of sustainability in the hospitality sector ( Khatter, 2023; Molina-Collado et al., 2022). In addition, the thematic evolution analysis ( Fig. 8) shows the new, yet undeveloped areas like heritage, migration, and capabilities, which have only very lately started showing signs in academic discourse. Such themes demonstrate little consistency with previous periods of research and are not widely reflected in the present literature, which means that they could be examined in further detail ( Al-Hamad et al., 2024; De Bruyn et al., 2023; Geçikli et al., 2024). Besides those related to themes, we have gaps in contexts and methodology. The rural homestay, community-based strategies of sustainability, and technology-mediated sustainability plans are utilitarian fields that lack adequate research ( Krittayaruangroj et al., 2023). Furthermore, a methodological focus on quantitative designs has had minimal application of qualitative designs and mixed methods, designs that are vital in obtaining the views of the stakeholders, situational variability, and social dynamics ( Huang et al., 2025). These gaps need to be covered to further pursue a more interactive, diversified, and practically applicable research agenda in the field of sustainability in the hotel and homestay sectors.

The given research offers various implications to the stakeholders of the hospitality industry. To start with, the hotel and homestay administrators are in a position to optimise efficiency, cost reduction, and appeal to eco-conscious tourists by incorporating sustainable operations and environmental performance into their business strategies. The central clusters (guest satisfaction and employee engagement) indicate that the service providers must have a balanced approach between the ecological responsibility and the provision of quality services, and the well-being of the workforce. Hospitality businesses can become more competitive and, at the same time, address the expectations of the global standards of sustainability by implementing innovative solutions: energy-saving technologies, digital solutions to interact with guests, and environmentally friendly design. Second, the campaign of corporate responsibility can be extended to community development locally and to preservation of local cultures, so that sustainability extends beyond compliance to the creation of shared value. Policymakers will find the results valuable in the need to develop enabling policies and certification schemes that promote sustainable operations by both large hotels and small-scale homestays. Lastly, the thematic insights can be utilised by researchers and educators in training programs and curriculum development to equip upcoming professionals to handle the sustainability issues within the hospitality industry.

There are a few theoretical contributions made to the existing body of knowledge on sustainability in the hospitality industry in this study. To start with, the study has created a comprehensive framework linking service management, sustainability science and organisational studies through identifying six main clusters of research: guest satisfaction, sustainable operations, employee engagement, environmental performance, innovation and corporate responsibility. Such clusters emphasise the multidimensionality of sustainability and indicate that one theoretical framework alone cannot be used to understand its complexity. Second, the transformation of themes throughout the years reflects the theoretical change in the traditional models of service quality to more generalised models, which encompass the aspects of sustainability, corporate responsibility, and innovation. This shift is an indication of the increased relevance of interdisciplinary approaches, like institutional theory, resource-based view, and stakeholder theory, in explaining sustainability practices in hospitality. Third, the rise of more recent themes, such as the preservation of cultural heritage and technology-facilitated sustainability, is an indication of future potentials of theoretical development. Existing theories of sustainable hospitality may be extended with the help of adding the ideas of cultural studies, digital transformation, and behavioural science. On the whole, the results help to create a more developed theoretical framework that can be used by the researchers in future studies to observe sustainability in hotels and homestays in various cultural and geographic settings.

The thematic evolution analysis ( Fig. 8) could shed some valuable light on the future of the field of sustainability in hotels and homestays. Previous studies (1998–2020) mainly concentrated on the basic constructs, i.e. impact, satisfaction, and perceptions. Nonetheless, this has changed with recent developments (2021 and onwards) reflecting a turn toward broader and more interdisciplinary and context-specific themes ( Araña & León, 2021; De Bruyn et al., 2023; Shafiee et al., 2019). New emerging themes include heritage, migration, innovation and capabilities, which reflect a shift in the sustainability discourse. Despite having become visible, their depth and maturity are still insufficient, which implies that there is still a lot to discover in this field ( Richards, 2018). The future study can also investigate the role of sustainable practices in ensuring environmental and economic performance, as well as safeguarding local identity, architectural heritage, and intangible cultural resources ( Gomezelj, 2016; Richards, 2018). Research on culturally sensitive design and community-based tourism governance and host-guest relationships in the heritage setting may produce meaningful theoretical and practical implications ( Kontogeorgopoulos et al., 2015). The development of migration also underlines the rising importance of labour mobility, demographic changes, and host-guest relations in the context of hospitality sustainability ( Lugosi & Ndiuini, 2022). The causes of migration labour in sustainable hotel practices, potential effects of domestic migration on rural homestays, and social integration mechanisms within the local service ecosystem are some of the themes to be explored by future research ( Hack-Polay et al., 2022). Themes such as capability and innovativeness underline the strategic significance of organisational preparedness and technological change. Although it is gaining momentum, there is a lack of studies that deal with the application of smart resource management systems, energy-saving infrastructure, and digital guest engagement technologies ( Asadi et al., 2020; Pascual-Fernández et al., 2021). The future study may explore the mechanism of capacity building, the reasons behind the reluctance to adopt technologies, and the process of innovation diffusion among large-scale hotels and small homestayer businesses ( Gomezelj, 2016). Although rural homestays have the potential to promote inclusive and community-based sustainable development, they have not been theorised ( Kontogeorgopoulos et al., 2015; Ruhanen et al., 2015). There is a need to further seek more information on the stakeholder involvement, policy tools, infrastructure limitations, and the training mechanisms in geographically and economically marginalised areas. The current body of literature is largely quantitative in nature, methodologically. Mixed-method and qualitative research methods should be used in future studies to obtain the contextual and experiential aspects of integrating sustainability ( Pereira et al., 2021). The inclusion of the views of the hosts, guests, communities, and policymakers would give a more holistic view of the issues and solutions to sustainability. Altogether, the trend of the future scholarship ought to be in the direction of a more holistic, transdisciplinary, and context-sensitive perspective. The wider sustainability discussion, which incorporates the cultural, technological, social, and spatial aspects of sustainability in addition to the environmental and economic issues, will enhance theoretical elaboration and applicability in the research of hospitality. The major future research themes and corresponding research questions identified from this review are summarized in Table 6.