Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram

Lovely Bharti; Sunita Shrivastav; Abhishek Sanchla; Ranjit Kamble

doi:10.12688/f1000research.134207.1

Home Browse Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II...

ALL Metrics

-

Views

-

Downloads

Get PDF

Get XML

Export

▬

✚

Study Protocol

Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram

[version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]

Lovely Bharti ¹, Sunita Shrivastav¹, Abhishek Sanchla¹, Ranjit Kamble¹

PUBLISHED 22 May 2023

Author details Author details

¹ Orthodontics, Sharad Panwar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, 442001, India

Lovely Bharti
Roles: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Funding Acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Sunita Shrivastav
Roles: Supervision, Validation, Visualization

Abhishek Sanchla
Roles: Supervision, Visualization

Ranjit Kamble
Roles: Supervision, Validation, Visualization

OPEN PEER REVIEW

REVIEWER STATUS

This article is included in the Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research collection.

Abstract

Background: The cervical vertebrae have attracted the interest of orthodontists, as the cervical portion of the spine serves as a reference structure to guide the normal head position. Skeletal age is determined by examining changes occurring in the morphology of the cervical vertebrae. There is relatively little data available from all the examinations that compare cervical vertebral phases between the various malocclusions. The purpose of this study was to compare the cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI) stages of skeletal Class I and Class II malocclusions in the horizontal as well as vertical growth patterns. With distinct malocclusions, however, there are differences in cervical vertebral phases.

Aim: To evaluate, compare and correlate the skeletal maturation using CVMI stages in cases with Class II (horizontal and vertical) using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram.

Methodology: In the present observational study, a total of 45 adult patients reporting at the Orthodontics department at a dental college and hospital set up in Wardha district and diagnosed with Class II Horizontal and/or Class II vertical will be recruited. The patients will be divided into three sub-groups and biosafety measures will be taken.

Conclusions: This study would give us a scope to compare the efficiency of lateral cephalogram versus 3D-DVT in estimating the skeletal maturity of patients who need to undergo growth modification in the orofacial region and orthodontic treatment.

Keywords

Cervical vertebrae, lateral cehalogram, 3D-DVT

Corresponding author: Lovely Bharti

Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

Grant information: The study was funded by the Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIMS(DU) R&D/2022/279)
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Copyright: © 2023 Bharti L et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

How to cite: Bharti L, Shrivastav S, Sanchla A and Kamble R. Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]. F1000Research 2023, 12:530 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.134207.1) First published: 22 May 2023, 12:530 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.134207.1) Latest published: 22 May 2023, 12:530 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.134207.1)

Introduction

Background and rationale

The degree of ossification development in bone is referred to as skeletal maturation. Every bone undergoes a series of changes during growth, and the order of these changes is largely constant for a particular bone in each individual. Because everyone has their own biological clock, the timing of skeletal development differs, and treatment can be scheduled accordingly.¹

Knowing the rate of face growth and the proportion of facial growth left is critical for appropriate growth modification intervention in orthodontic treatment planning.

Furthermore, knowing how much growth is left after orthodontic treatment can help with retention planning and preventing post-treatment rebound. Physiologic criteria such as peak growth velocity in standing height, pubertal markers such as voice changes in males, menarche in females, radiographic assessment of bone maturation, chronological age, and dental development staging have all been used to measure human skeletal development.²

Determining the skeletal maturity in individuals is very important to assess the outcomes of dental operations such as orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery. Some treatments may be hampered by residual bone growth, whereas others are better performed on patients who are still growing.³ As a result, accurate and precise determination of skeletal maturity is critical for timely dental interventions. Many authors have recommended a variety of growth evaluation methods, but the key difficulty is their dependability.⁴ The cervical vertebrae are regarded as a reliable measure of biological maturity and skeletal growth prediction. The size and shape of cervical vertebrae in growing subjects are becoming more popular as a biological sign of skeletal maturity.⁵ The lateral radiograph of the patient’s skull (cranium) is used to evaluate the cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM). This radiographic image is routinely used by orthodontic clinicians to investigate craniofacial morphologies and growth patterns. This is the primary reason for the method’s increasing popularity. Because properly used cervical vertebrae give a valid assessment of pubertal development spurt, using these films will be a useful process as the number of exposures is reduced.²

Computed tomography (CT) scans, cone beam computed tomography (CBCT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and digital volume tomography (3D-DVT) are some of the 3-D procedures employed nowadays. When compared to two-dimensional approaches, they enable exact visualization and measurements.⁶ Since 1997, 3D-DVT, in particular, has been employed as a diagnostic tool. It operates on the same principles as CT scans but with the added benefit of lower radiation exposure. CT and MRI require a significantly larger dose of radiation as well as a significant investment in equipment. DVT allows us to see any and all relevant structures in all three planes of space; it is utilized in orthodontics to image any impacted teeth, bone height, and space availability, among other things.⁷

It features a user-friendly interface, allows for easy manipulation of the needed structures, and is widely available at the institute. It is the radiography technique of choice for bone mapping due to other advantages such as short scan duration, display options, and high contrast characteristics. There is just a small body of research that uses this novel imaging technology to measure and compare craniofacial traits.⁸ The orthodontist can assess the structures in all three dimensions and get a sense of the craniofacial structures’ natural boundaries with the 3-D image. Clinicians should be familiar with normal anatomy as shown on radiographs, as well as any differences in the morphology of the structures, in order to detect any anomalies that could indicate pathological states before they manifest clinically.⁹

The aim of the present study is to examine and compare the morphology of Class II vertical and Class II horizontal growth patterns, as well as to distinguish them from a Class I orthognathic control group. Orthodontists will be able to better comprehend the variations between malocclusions by comparing craniofacial morphology. Understanding these differences is crucial because it will provide us with much-needed information regarding the orthodontic treatment restrictions that exist between the different growth patterns. This will assist physicians in ensuring that the correct treatment strategy is delivered based on the type of malocclusion, ensuring that the patient receives the best possible treatment results.⁷

Aim

To evaluate, compare and correlate the skeletal maturation using cervical vertebral maturation index (CVMI) stages in cases with Class II (horizontal) and Class II (vertical) using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram.

Objectives

‐ To evaluate the CVMI stage in Class I, Class II (horizontal), and Class II (vertical) cases using lateral cephalogram (2D Evaluation).
‐ To evaluate the CVMI stage in Class I, Class II (horizontal), and Class II (vertical) using 3D-DVT.
‐ To correlate the CVMI stage in Class I, Class II (horizontal), and Class II (vertical) cases using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram.
‐ To compare the CVMI stage in Class II (horizontal) and Class I cases using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram.
‐ To compare CVMI in Class II (vertical) and Class I cases using 3D- DVT and lateral cephalogram.
‐ To compare CVMI in Class II (horizontal) and Class II (vertical) cases using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram.

Methods

Study design and setting

• The observational study will take place at the Sharad Pawar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research at Sawangi (M), Wardha, in the Department of orthodontics and dentofacial orthopedics.
• A total of 45 adult patients (Class II horizontal, class II vertical) will be chosen from Sharad Pawar Dental College’s outpatient department (OPD) of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopaedics at Sawangi, Wardha (Figure 1).

Figure 1. Study design.

The study design will be an observational study.

Exclusion criteria

The following exclusion criteria will be applied:

1. Patient with a history of any systemic diseases.
2. Full visibility of the cervical vertebrae is impaired in 3D-DVT pictures.
3. The presence of pathological alterations in pictures of the cervical vertebrae.
4. The presence of foreign bodies in the cervical vertebrae pictures.

Methods

• Based on the cephalometric value skeletal growth pattern of the patient they will be divided into three groups: Class I, Class II vertical, and Class II horizontal (Table 1).
• Lateral cephalogram and 3D-DVT of each group will be taken.
• Correlation of CVMI stages will be done on both lateral cephalograms and 3D-DVT will be done for each group separately.
• Comparison of CVMI stages will be done for each group based on the above observations.

Table 1. Inclusion criteria based on cephalometric analysis.

Class I	Class II horizontal	Class II vertical
ANB – 2°	ANB – 4	ANB – <4
Wit’s Appraisal – 0-1 mm	Wit’s Appraisal – >2 mm	Wit’s Appraisal – <2 mm
FMA (frankfort mandibular angle) – 22-28°	FMA – >30°	FMA – <20°
Beta angle – 27-33°	Beta angle – <25°	Beta angle – <25°
MP (Mandibular plane) – 32-36°	MP – >37°	MP – <31°
Overbite – 2-4 mm	Overbite – 0-4 mm	Overbite – >4 mm
Overjet – 2-4 mm	Overjet – >4 mm	Overjet – 0-2 mm

Variables

Outcomes

For radiologists and orthodontists, it will be easier to predict the growth of children at a very earlier stage by looking at the cervical vertebrae stages through lateral cephalogram as well as 3-D DVT and based on this both two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) views can be considered. For those cases which are borderline and difficult to predict from a 2-D view, 3-D DVT can help in such cases. It can be used to predict the remaining growth of an individual so that growth modifications can be done at a very earlier stage and further deterioration of malocclusion can be prevented at the very initial stage only.

Bias

Minimum bias will be there as patients will be randomly selected based on inclusion and exclusion criteria.

Study sample

The calculation of sample size was done as follows:

n = \frac{{(Zα + Zβ)}^{2} (σ_{1}^{2} + σ_{2}^{2} / K)}{Δ}

A total of 15 patients will be allotted for three groups each (Figure 1).

Hence:

Total sample size = 45

Group A - 15 Class I malocclusion

Group B -15 Class II malocclusion (vertical growth)

Group C -15 class II malocclusion (horizontal growth)

Dissemination

The outcome of this study will probably provide positive correlation of CVMI stages with various growth pattern malocclusions. Using this modality, clinicians will be able to predict the accurate timing of growth modulation therapy in various malocclusions. Based on the outcome of this study we will be able to draw a protocol for early, effective and timely management of patients with skeletal malocclusions.

Study status

The study has been initiated; patient selection has been done along with lateral cephalogram. 3D-DVT examination is yet to be initiated.

Discussion

The study of growth is part of orthodontics. The term “growth assessment” refers to determining a person’s maturity level. Skeletal maturity indicators aid in the presentation of data on distinct patterns of growth and the degree to which each pattern has been achieved for each patient.

The examination and identification of skeletal maturity in individuals is a key factor to determine the outcomes of various dental operations, including orthodontic treatment and orthognathic surgery.

• Lampraski (1972) found that using cervical vertebrae to determine skeletal age was more reliable and valid than using a hand-wrist radiograph. Using five vertebrae, he devised a standard for determining skeletal age in both male and females (second to sixth vertebrae). Because the vertebrae are already recorded on the lateral cephalogram, this approach provides the benefit of calculating the need for an additional radiographic exposure.
• Julian Singer (1980)¹⁰ described a few characteristics of hand-wrist film which could be of significance to the clinician in determining the timing of orthodontic treatment. Six stages were described (i.e.) early, prepubertal, pubertal onset, pubertal, pubertal deceleration, and growth completion, each with specific characteristics. The study concluded that, hand-wrist film can be used as an indicator of the maturational status of the orthodontic patient.
• Keith Grave, Grant Townsend (2003)¹¹ investigated the application of a modified cervical vertebral maturation (CVM) method in indigenous Australian population and subsequently correlated the events of ossification with the timing of peak growth in mandible as well as statures. The CVM stages were restricted to some specific periods of growth. The authors observed that a majority of the population experienced stage 1 during the pre-peak period while stages 2, 3 and stages 4, 5 were observed during the peak and post-peak period of growth respectively. The study reported that the findings were in accordance with authors who reported in other ethnic groups. This reveals that the procedure can be used in daily orthodontic practices to evaluate and monitor the growth activity of children.
• Marco A E Bonfim et al.,¹ evaluated the performance of CBCT three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions and sagittal sections to estimate CVMI and suggested that CBCT may be useful for estimation of skeletal maturation.
This study will assist in identifying and diagnosing CVMI stages at the very early phase of treatment so that possible modification can be done for the growth of an individual. Further, precise recognition of cervical vertebrae can also be done through 3D-DVT, and two-dimensional radiographic errors can also be minimized.

Ethical considerations

Ethical approval received by Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Sawangi, Wardha (Approval Number DMIMS (DU)/IEC/2022/944).

Data availability

No data are associated with this article.

Reporting guidelines

Zenodo: STROBE checklist for “Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram”, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7846411.¹²

Data are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International license (CC-BY 4.0).

References

1. Bonfim MA, Costa AL, Fuziy A, et al.: Cervical vertebrae maturation index estimates on cone beam CT: 3D reconstructions vs sagittal sections. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 2016 Jan; 45(1): 20150162. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
2. Pichai S, Rajesh M, Reddy N, et al.: A comparison of hand wrist bone analysis with two different cervical vertebral analysis in measuring skeletal maturation. J. Int. Oral Health. 2014 Sep; 6(5): 36.
3. Chatzigianni A, Halazonetis DJ: Geometric morphometric evaluation of cervical vertebrae shape and its relationship to skeletal maturation. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 2009 Oct 1; 136(4): 481–483. Publisher Full Text
4. Grave K, Townsend G: Cervical vertebral maturation as a predictor of the adolescent growth spurt. Aust. J. Orthod. 2003; 19: 25–31.
5. Jeon JY, Kim CS, Kim JS, et al.: Correlation and Correspondence between Skeletal Maturation Indicators in Hand-Wrist and Cervical Vertebra Analyses and Skeletal Maturity Score in Korean Adolescents. Children. 2021 Oct; 8(10): 910. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
6. Joshi V, Yamaguchi T, Matsuda Y, et al.: Skeletal maturity assessment with the use of cone-beam computerized tomography. Oral Surg. Oral Med Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. 2012 Jun 1; 113(6): 841–849. Publisher Full Text
7. Dargahwala HS, Daigavane P, Vausdevan SD, et al.: Comparison of Cervical Vertebral Body Volume in Class II Vertical and Class II Horizontal Cases With Class I Cases Using 3D-DVT. J. Indian Orthod. Soc. 2020 Oct; 54(4): 332–337. Publisher Full Text
8. Torres FC, Yamazaki MS, Jóias RP, et al.: Evaluation of the cervical vertebrae maturation index in lateral cephalograms taken in different head positions. Braz. Dent. J. 2013 Sep; 24: 462–466. Publisher Full Text
9. Kiran S, Sharma VP, Tandon P: Correlative and comparative study of Fishman′ s skeletal maturity indicators with CVMI and chronological age in Lucknow population. Eur. J. Gen. Dent. 2012 Sep; 1(03): 161–165. Publisher Full Text
10. Lampraski DG: Skeletal age assessment utilizing cervical vertebrae. Master of Science Thesis University of Pittsburgh. 1972.
11. Grave K, Townsend G: Cervical vertebral maturation as a predictor of the adolescent growth spurt. Aust. Orthod. J. 2003 Apr; 19(1): 25–32. PubMed Abstract
12. Bharti L, Shrivastav S, Sanchla A, et al.: Comparative Evaluation and Correlation Of CVMI Stages In Class II (Vertical) And Class II (Horizontal) Cases with Class I Malocclusion Cases, as Evaluated using 3D-DVT and Lateral Cephalogram. Zenodo. 2023. Publisher Full Text

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Version 1

VERSION 1 PUBLISHED 22 May 2023

Author details Author details

¹ Orthodontics, Sharad Panwar Dental College, Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research, Wardha, Maharashtra, 442001, India

Lovely Bharti
Roles: Conceptualization, Formal Analysis, Funding Acquisition, Investigation, Methodology, Project Administration, Resources, Software, Supervision, Validation, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Sunita Shrivastav
Roles: Supervision, Validation, Visualization

Abhishek Sanchla
Roles: Supervision, Visualization

Ranjit Kamble
Roles: Supervision, Validation, Visualization

Competing interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Grant information

The study was funded by the Datta Meghe Institute of Higher Education and Research (DMIMS(DU) R&D/2022/279)
The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.

Article Versions (1)

version 1

Published: 22 May 2023, 12:530

https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.134207.1

Copyright

© 2023 Bharti L et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

Download

Export To

metrics

	Views	Downloads
F1000Research	-	-
PubMed Central Data from PMC are received and updated monthly.	-	-

Citations

0

SEE MORE DETAILS

CITE

how to cite this article

Bharti L, Shrivastav S, Sanchla A and Kamble R. Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram [version 1; peer review: 1 approved, 1 approved with reservations]. F1000Research 2023, 12:530 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.134207.1)

NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article.

track

receive updates on this article

Track an article to receive email alerts on any updates to this article.

Open Peer Review

Version 1

VERSION 1

PUBLISHED 22 May 2023

Views

5

Reviewer Report 15 Feb 2024

Yu Li, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Approved with Reservations

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.147239.r240498

I would like to thank the authors for giving me the opportunity to review their present submission, "Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using ... Continue reading

I would like to thank the authors for giving me the opportunity to review their present submission, "Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram " The aim of this research Paper was to evaluate, compare and correlate the skeletal maturation using CVMI stages in cases with Class II (horizontal and vertical) using3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram.
I can see the authors have worked hard to prepare this paper for submission as a study protocol (a comparative study design). The topic has its appeal, but the manuscript exhibits some drawbacks. Please find my comments below：

1- The work does not discuss appropriately in the context of the current literature. It is better to add past literature findings of previous studies to the manuscript.
2-The method used in this protocol was not clear enough to decide if the method used was accurate or not. The method of work should be written in detail to make it easier for the reader to understand the content of the manuscript.
3- In the method section the authors stated that (A total of 45 adult patients (Class II horizontal, class II vertical). using cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) mainly for observation of growth and development period. but the authors used it with adult patients, which means that they had already reached to sixth stage of maturation (pubertal deceleration, and growth completion). How do you explain that?
4- In the method section in Table 1; what were the authors mean by Class II horizontal and Class II vertical. could you explain, please?
5- There was no sufficient information about the comparison and how they did it.

My decision:
Approved with Reservations:The reviewer believes the paper has academic merit, but has asked for a number of small changes to the article, or specific, sometimes more significant revisions.

Many thanks!

Yu li

Is the rationale for, and objectives of, the study clearly described?

Partly
Is the study design appropriate for the research question?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the methods provided to allow replication by others?

Partly
Are the datasets clearly presented in a useable and accessible format?

Partly

References

1. Bharti L, Shrivastav S, Sanchla A, Kamble R: Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram. F1000Research. 2023; 12. Publisher Full Text

Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

Reviewer Expertise: orthodontic, orthopedic, biomechanics orthodontics

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above.

CITE

Report a concern

Respond or Comment

Views

15

Reviewer Report 17 Oct 2023

Dhruv Jain, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Orthodontics & dentofacial orthopedics, Army Dental Centre (Research & Referral), Delhi, Delhi, India

Approved

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.147239.r208708

Skeletal maturation age is highly important in formulating an appropriate diagnosis and planning orthodontic treatment accordingly. Cervical vertebral maturation stage is one such method which is popularly used for this rationale. 3D-DVT technology can be utilized to determine the appropriate ... Continue reading

Skeletal maturation age is highly important in formulating an appropriate diagnosis and planning orthodontic treatment accordingly. Cervical vertebral maturation stage is one such method which is popularly used for this rationale. 3D-DVT technology can be utilized to determine the appropriate stage of cervical vertebrae.

The rationale, objectives and methodology for the study have been appropriately described by the authors.

However, it is suggested to please provide details of any documented literature pertaining to the reliability 3D-DVT in the assessment of cervical vertebral morphology.

Is the rationale for, and objectives of, the study clearly described?

Yes
Is the study design appropriate for the research question?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the methods provided to allow replication by others?

Yes
Are the datasets clearly presented in a useable and accessible format?

Yes

Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

Reviewer Expertise: Dental science ( Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics)

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

CITE

Report a concern

Respond or Comment

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Version 1

VERSION 1 PUBLISHED 22 May 2023

Open Peer Review

Reviewer Status

Reviewer Reports

	Invited Reviewers
	1	2
Version 1 22 May 23	read	read

Dhruv Jain, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Army Dental Centre (Research & Referral), Delhi, India
Yu Li, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

Comments on this article

All Comments(0)

Add a comment

Sign up for content alerts

Browse by related subjects

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

5 Views

15 Feb 2024 | for Version 1

Yu Li, State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, Department of Orthodontics, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China

5 Views Cite this report Responses(0)

Approved With Reservations

I would like to thank the authors for giving me the opportunity to review their present submission, "Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram " The aim of this research Paper was to evaluate, compare and correlate the skeletal maturation using CVMI stages in cases with Class II (horizontal and vertical) using3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram.
I can see the authors have worked hard to prepare this paper for submission as a study protocol (a comparative study design). The topic has its appeal, but the manuscript exhibits some drawbacks. Please find my comments below：

1- The work does not discuss appropriately in the context of the current literature. It is better to add past literature findings of previous studies to the manuscript.
2-The method used in this protocol was not clear enough to decide if the method used was accurate or not. The method of work should be written in detail to make it easier for the reader to understand the content of the manuscript.
3- In the method section the authors stated that (A total of 45 adult patients (Class II horizontal, class II vertical). using cervical vertebrae maturation (CVM) mainly for observation of growth and development period. but the authors used it with adult patients, which means that they had already reached to sixth stage of maturation (pubertal deceleration, and growth completion). How do you explain that?
4- In the method section in Table 1; what were the authors mean by Class II horizontal and Class II vertical. could you explain, please?
5- There was no sufficient information about the comparison and how they did it.

My decision:
Approved with Reservations:The reviewer believes the paper has academic merit, but has asked for a number of small changes to the article, or specific, sometimes more significant revisions.

Many thanks!

Yu li

Is the rationale for, and objectives of, the study clearly described?

Partly
Is the study design appropriate for the research question?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the methods provided to allow replication by others?

Partly
Are the datasets clearly presented in a useable and accessible format?

Partly

References

1. Bharti L, Shrivastav S, Sanchla A, Kamble R: Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram. F1000Research. 2023; 12. Publisher Full Text

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Reviewer Expertise

orthodontic, orthopedic, biomechanics orthodontics

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above.

Respond to this report

Responses (0)

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

15 Views

17 Oct 2023 | for Version 1

Dhruv Jain, Armed Forces Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India; Orthodontics & dentofacial orthopedics, Army Dental Centre (Research & Referral), Delhi, Delhi, India

15 Views Cite this report Responses(0)

Approved

Skeletal maturation age is highly important in formulating an appropriate diagnosis and planning orthodontic treatment accordingly. Cervical vertebral maturation stage is one such method which is popularly used for this rationale. 3D-DVT technology can be utilized to determine the appropriate stage of cervical vertebrae.

The rationale, objectives and methodology for the study have been appropriately described by the authors.

However, it is suggested to please provide details of any documented literature pertaining to the reliability 3D-DVT in the assessment of cervical vertebral morphology.

Is the rationale for, and objectives of, the study clearly described?

Yes
Is the study design appropriate for the research question?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the methods provided to allow replication by others?

Yes
Are the datasets clearly presented in a useable and accessible format?

Yes

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Reviewer Expertise

Dental science ( Orthodontics & Dentofacial Orthopedics)

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

Respond to this report

Responses (0)

[1] 1. Bonfim MA, Costa AL, Fuziy A, et al.: Cervical vertebrae maturation index estimates on cone beam CT: 3D reconstructions vs sagittal sections. Dentomaxillofac. Radiol. 2016 Jan; 45(1): 20150162. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[2] 2. Pichai S, Rajesh M, Reddy N, et al.: A comparison of hand wrist bone analysis with two different cervical vertebral analysis in measuring skeletal maturation. J. Int. Oral Health. 2014 Sep; 6(5): 36.

[3] 3. Chatzigianni A, Halazonetis DJ: Geometric morphometric evaluation of cervical vertebrae shape and its relationship to skeletal maturation. Am. J. Orthod. Dentofac. Orthop. 2009 Oct 1; 136(4): 481–483. Publisher Full Text

[4] 4. Grave K, Townsend G: Cervical vertebral maturation as a predictor of the adolescent growth spurt. Aust. J. Orthod. 2003; 19: 25–31.

[5] 5. Jeon JY, Kim CS, Kim JS, et al.: Correlation and Correspondence between Skeletal Maturation Indicators in Hand-Wrist and Cervical Vertebra Analyses and Skeletal Maturity Score in Korean Adolescents. Children. 2021 Oct; 8(10): 910. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[6] 6. Joshi V, Yamaguchi T, Matsuda Y, et al.: Skeletal maturity assessment with the use of cone-beam computerized tomography. Oral Surg. Oral Med Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. 2012 Jun 1; 113(6): 841–849. Publisher Full Text

[7] 7. Dargahwala HS, Daigavane P, Vausdevan SD, et al.: Comparison of Cervical Vertebral Body Volume in Class II Vertical and Class II Horizontal Cases With Class I Cases Using 3D-DVT. J. Indian Orthod. Soc. 2020 Oct; 54(4): 332–337. Publisher Full Text

[8] 8. Torres FC, Yamazaki MS, Jóias RP, et al.: Evaluation of the cervical vertebrae maturation index in lateral cephalograms taken in different head positions. Braz. Dent. J. 2013 Sep; 24: 462–466. Publisher Full Text

[9] 9. Kiran S, Sharma VP, Tandon P: Correlative and comparative study of Fishman′ s skeletal maturity indicators with CVMI and chronological age in Lucknow population. Eur. J. Gen. Dent. 2012 Sep; 1(03): 161–165. Publisher Full Text

[10] 10. Lampraski DG: Skeletal age assessment utilizing cervical vertebrae. Master of Science Thesis University of Pittsburgh. 1972.

[11] 11. Grave K, Townsend G: Cervical vertebral maturation as a predictor of the adolescent growth spurt. Aust. Orthod. J. 2003 Apr; 19(1): 25–32. PubMed Abstract

[12] 12. Bharti L, Shrivastav S, Sanchla A, et al.: Comparative Evaluation and Correlation Of CVMI Stages In Class II (Vertical) And Class II (Horizontal) Cases with Class I Malocclusion Cases, as Evaluated using 3D-DVT and Lateral Cephalogram. Zenodo. 2023. Publisher Full Text

Comparative evaluation and correlation of CVMI stages in Class II (vertical) and Class II (horizontal) cases with Class I malocclusion, as evaluated using 3D-DVT and lateral cephalogram

Abstract

Keywords

Introduction

Background and rationale

Aim

Objectives

Methods

Study design and setting

Figure 1. Study design.

Exclusion criteria

Methods

Table 1. Inclusion criteria based on cephalometric analysis.

Variables

Dissemination

Study status

Discussion

Ethical considerations

Data availability

Reporting guidelines

References

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Open Peer Review

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Open Peer Review

Reviewer Status

Reviewer Reports

Comments on this article

Browse by related subjects

Competing Interests Policy

Stay Updated