eXamine: Visualizing annotated networks in Cytoscape

Philipp Spohr; Kasper Dinkla; Gunnar W. Klau; Mohammed El-Kebir

doi:10.12688/f1000research.14612.2

Home Browse eXamine: Visualizing annotated networks in Cytoscape

ALL Metrics

Views

Downloads

Get PDF

Get XML

Export

▬

✚

Software Tool Article

Revised

eXamine: Visualizing annotated networks in Cytoscape

[version 2; peer review: 4 approved]

Philipp Spohr¹, Kasper Dinkla², Gunnar W. Klau¹, Mohammed El-Kebir³

PUBLISHED 05 Jul 2018

Author details Author details

¹ Algorithmic Bioinformatics, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
² Eindhoven University of Technology, Eindhoven, The Netherlands
³ Department of Computer Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, USA

Philipp Spohr
Roles: Data Curation, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Kasper Dinkla
Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Gunnar W. Klau
Roles: Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Mohammed El-Kebir
Roles: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Supervision, Validation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

OPEN PEER REVIEW

REVIEWER STATUS

This article is included in the Cytoscape gateway.

Abstract

eXamine is a Cytoscape app that displays set membership as contours on top of a node-link layout of a small graph. In addition to facilitating interpretation of enriched gene sets of small biological networks, eXamine can be used in other domains such as the visualization of communities in small social networks.
eXamine was made available on the Cytoscape App Store in March 2014, has since registered more than 7,700 downloads, and has been highly rated by more than 25 users. In this paper, we present eXamine's new automation features that enable researchers to compose reproducible analysis workflows to generate visualizations of small, set-annotated graphs.

Keywords

functional subnetwork modules, visualization, enrichment, graph drawing, network community, Euler diagram

Corresponding author: Mohammed El-Kebir

Competing interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

Grant information: The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work.

Copyright: © 2018 Spohr P et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Data associated with the article are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Zero "No rights reserved" data waiver (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication).

How to cite: Spohr P, Dinkla K, Klau GW and El-Kebir M. eXamine: Visualizing annotated networks in Cytoscape [version 2; peer review: 4 approved]. F1000Research 2018, 7:519 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14612.2) First published: 30 Apr 2018, 7:519 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14612.1) Latest published: 05 Jul 2018, 7:519 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14612.2)

Revised Amendments from Version 1

This is a revised version addressing the various comments made by the referees. Previous Figures 1 and 2 are now merged into a single figure, and we included R code for the two cases.

See the authors' detailed response to the review by Alexander Pico
See the authors' detailed response to the review by Barry Demchak
See the authors' detailed response to the review by Markus List
See the authors' detailed response to the review by Richa Batra

Introduction

The Cytoscape app eXamine visualizes a small graph and a collection of node sets. The main purpose of eXamine is to aid in the interpretation of a small subnetwork module extracted from a large biological network¹. Cytoscape apps like jActiveModules² or external tools like Heinz³ extract subnetwork modules from a protein-protein interaction network given gene expression data. To interpret the identified subnetwork module, a frequent follow-up analysis is to compute enrichment of the nodes of the identified module in terms of known annotations such as from the Gene Ontology (GO)^4,5 or from the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)⁶. These annotations are a collection of node sets. eXamine provides a visual analysis approach that facilitates interpretation of the subnetwork module and the identified node sets by biologists. Given a small collection of node sets, eXamine generates a visualization of a small graph as a node-link layout together with contours for the selected sets (Figure 1). More specifically, the layout is computed using a variation of the algorithm described in 7. This algorithm preserves topological distances along inter-module links as much as possible, while making sure that none of the nodes overlap. In addition, spanning graphs are derived for those sets that have been selected by the user. These graphs are included in the computation of topological distances between nodes, pulling the nodes closer together. The spanning graphs are also used to draw the set contours, by adjusting the associated links to form the rounded shapes that visually encompass and connect nodes.

Figure 1. eXamine displays set membership as contours on top of a node-link layout.

(a–b) The graphs generated in the two use cases using eXamine’s automation features. (c) The first step in the workflow consists of importing a network, followed by importing node annotations that associate each node with a set of groups. Next, we optionally select a smaller subnetwork to visualize. We generate an internal representation of the groups, and import additional group annotations. After selecting the groups to visualize, we export an image of the visualization. Alternatively, we can launch a window that allows the user to select different groups.

As an alternative to eXamine, the existing group layout of Cytoscape can be used to show node partitions by visualizing disjoint sets in separate circles. The Venn and Euler diagram app⁸ for Cytoscape visualizes overlapping sets. However, in both cases network and group analysis are visually separate. Finally, Cytoscape provides a group viewer^I that aggregates groups into meta-nodes, without making group overlaps explicit. Here, we present a new version of eXamine that uses Cytoscape’s recently introduced automation features. With these new features it becomes possible to create reproducible analysis workflows that generate appealing visualizations of small, set-annotated graphs. We demonstrate eXamine’s new automation features using two use cases. The first use case replicates the case study provided in the original eXamine publication¹. The second use case, the analysis of a social network, demonstrates that eXamine is applicable to other domains beyond computational biology.

Methods

Implementation

eXamine is implemented in Java and is available as an app for Cytoscape 3. We used WebCola algorithms^II to simultaneously lay out nodes, links, and set contours. We refer to the original publication¹ for additional implementation details regarding the used visualization techniques. Since the typical analysis workflows of eXamine consist of relatively simple commands that do not require streaming of complex data, we implemented the automation features through the ‘Command’ interface rather than the ‘Function’ interface. As a result, eXamine’s commands can be either directly from Cytoscape or through Cytoscape’s REST (CyREST) interface from a Jupyter notebook or from the programming language R.

Operation

As eXamine requires Cytoscape 3.6 to run, eXamine has the same system requirements as Cytoscape 3.6. eXamine can be operated through the Cytoscape graphical user interface (GUI) or through the new ‘Command’ interface of Cytoscape. We refer to the original publication¹ for GUI instructions. In the following, we will describe and use the new ‘Command’ interface of eXamine.

Table 1 provides a summary of the API of the eXamine commands and their parameters. To enable workflow authors to use eXamine’s automation most effectively, we also generated Swagger-based documentation that describes the commands and arguments. This documentation can be accessed in the Cytoscape menu: Help → Automation → CyREST Command API. Figure 1 shows a typical workflow of eXamine analysis, where the commands provided are in the ‘examine’ namespace (red) and the commands provided by Cytoscape are colored blue.

Table 1. Application Programming Interface (API) of Cytoscape commands provided by eXamine.

Figure 1 shows an example workflow using the below commands.

Command	Argument (type)	Description
examine generate groups		Generates eXamine groups from a given set of columns of the node table
	○ network (CyNetwork) ○ selectedGroupColumns (List) ○ useAllNodes (Boolean)	Network for which to generate the groups Columns of the node table from which the groups will be created (comma separated) Indicates whether to use all nodes for group generation, or only those nodes currently selected in Cytoscape
examine select groups		Select groups to be visualized by eXamine
	○ selectedGroup (List)	Group identifiers to select (comma separated)
examine remove groups		Removes all groups generated by eXamine
	○ network (CyNetwork)	Network from which to remove the groups
examine update settings		Updates visualization settings
	○ network (CyNetwork) ○ labelColumn (String) ○ urlColumn (String) ○ scoreColumn (String) ○ showScore (Boolean) ○ selectedGroupColumns (List)	Network to visualize Column of the node table that contains the node labels Column of the node table that contains URLs with additional information about the nodes Column that contains annotation enrichment scores Indicates whether to show annotation enrichment scores Group columns of the node table to show in the visualization
examine interact		Shows the selected network and groups in an interactive visualization window
examine export		Generates an SVG file with a visualization of the selected network and groups
	○ path (String)	Filename

Use cases

To illustrate the new ‘Command’ interface of eXamine, we present two use cases. In the first use case, we describe a workflow to study a small subnetwork module extracted from the KEGG mouse network⁶. In the second use case, we describe a workflow to study Zachary’s karate club, a well-known social network. Both workflows are available as Jupyter notebooks and as R markdown documents. The workflows require Cytoscape (≥ v3.6) and a recent Python version (Python v2.7 or Python v3.6) or R (≥ v3.4). We note that the commands described in the two use cases can also be directly executed from Cytoscape via the ‘Commands dialog’ or a separate ‘Commands script’^III.

Use case 1: Dysregulated signaling in Human Cytomegalovirus

The Human Cytomegalovirus (HCMV) is a highly-contagious herpes virus. Previously¹, we used eXamine to interpret a small subnetwork module (17 nodes and 18 edges) extracted from the KEGG mouse network using Heinz³ given gene expression data of an HCMV-infected mouse cell line. Node sets of this subnetwork module were annotated using enriched pathways from KEGG and enriched terms from GO. Below, we provide Python code^IV that uses Cytoscape’s and eXamine’s automation features to generate Figure 1. An R markdown document for this use case is available on the git repository^V.

1. To begin, we define a helper function that creates HTTP POST requests.

  import requests
  PORT_NUMBER = 1234
  BASE = "http://localhost:" + str(PORT_NUMBER) + "/v1/"
  BASE_URL = "https://raw.githubusercontent.com/ls–cwi/"
           + "eXamine/master/doc/tutorial/"

  def executeRestCommand(namespace="", command="", args={}):
      postString = BASE + "commands/" + namespace + "/" + command
      firstarg = True
      for arg in args:
          postString += ("?" if firstarg else "&") + arg + "=" + args[arg]
           if (firstarg): firstarg = False 
	  res = requests.post(postString, json=args)
           return res

2. We import the full KEGG mouse network using the ‘network import url’ command provided by Cytoscape. This a protein-protein interaction network that is typically used for the analysis of high-throughput biological data in the context of a biological network. The Cytoscape app KEGGscape provides functionality for importing pathways from KEGG⁹.
```
  executeRestCommand("network", "import url",
                       {"indexColumnSourceInteraction" : "2",
                      "indexColumnTargetInteraction" : "2",
                      "url" : BASE_URL + "edges.txt"})
				
```

3. We import node annotation, containing set membership information, using the ‘table import url‘ command provided by Cytoscape. We note that the entries of the columns of type list (indicated by ‘sl’ in ‘dataTypeList’) are separated by a pipe character.

  executeRestCommand("table", "import url",
                       {"firstRowAsColumnNames" : "true",
                      "keyColumnIndex" : "1", "startLoadRow" : "1",
                      "dataTypeList" : "s,s,f,f,f,s,s,s,sl,sl,sl,sl",
                      "url" : BASE_URL + "nodes_induced.txt"})

4. Using the ‘network select’ command provided by Cytoscape, we select the nodes that comprise the subnetwork module identified by Heinz³.
```
  executeRestCommand("network" , "select" ,{"nodeList" : "Module:small"})
				
```
5. Using the ‘examine generate groups’ command, we generate group nodes for each member of the specified sets that occur in the module (the nodes we previously selected).
```
  executeRestCommand("examine", "generate groups",
                        {"selectedGroupColumns" : "Function,Pathway"})
```

6. We import additional annotations that describe the generated groups using the ‘import table url’ command of Cytoscape.

  executeRestCommand("table", "import url",
                     {"firstRowAsColumnNames" : "true",
                      "keyColumnIndex" : "1", "startLoadRow" : "1",
                      "url" : BASE_URL + "sets_induced.txt"})

7. As described in 1, we consider groups from the sets Pathway and Function using the ‘examine update settings’ command. In addition, we specify the columns that contain node labels and URLs as well as group scores and annotations.

  executeRestCommand("examine", "update settings",
                       {"labelColumn" : "Symbol", "urlColumn" : "URL",
                      "scoreColumn" : "Score", "showScore" : "true",
                      "selectedGroupColumns" : "Component, Function"})

8. Using the ‘examine select groups’ command, we select the same groups as described in 1.

  executeRestCommand("examine", "select groups", {"selectedGroups" :
                     "GO:0008013,GO:0008083,mmu04070,mmu05200,mmu04520"})

9. Finally, we export the visualization to a scalable vector graphics (SVG) file using the ‘examine export’ command. Figure 1a shows the resulting graph.
```
  executeRestCommand("examine", "export", {"path": "fig1a.svg"})
```
Alternatively, using the ‘examine interact’ command, we can launch an interactive visualization window that allows us to select different groups.
```
  executeRestCommand("examine", "interact", {})
```

Use case 2: Zachary’s karate club

We consider the graph ‘Zachary’s karate club’, which is an undirected social network of friendships between 34 members of a karate club at a US university in the 1970s¹⁰. Here, we use eXamine to visualize the six overlapping communities of this network identified in 11. We provide Python code below^VI. The corresponding R markdown document is available on the git repository^VII.

1. We use the same helper function as defined in the previous use case.

2. We import the network using the ‘network import url‘ command provided by Cytoscape.

  executeRestCommand("network", "import url",
                     {"indexColumnSourceInteraction" : "2",
                      "indexColumnTargetInteraction" : "2",
                      "url" : BASE_URL + "edges_karate.gml"})

3. We import node annotation, containing set membership information, using the ‘table import url‘ command provided by Cytoscape. Entries of the column of type list (indicated by ‘sl’ in ‘dataTypeList’) are separated by a pipe character.

  executeRestCommand("table", "import url",
                     {"firstRowAsColumnNames" : "true",
                      "keyColumnIndex" : "1", "startLoadRow" : "1",
                      "dataTypeList" : "s,sl",
                      "url" : BASE_URL + "nodes_karate_induced.txt"})

4. Using the ‘network select’ command provided by Cytoscape, we select all nodes of the network.
```
  executeRestCommand("network" , "select", {"nodeList":"all"})
```
5. Using the ‘examine generate groups’ command, we generate group nodes for each member of the specified sets that annotate the nodes of the network.
```
  executeRestCommand("examine", "generate groups",
                     {"selectedGroupColumns" : "Community"})
```

6. We consider groups from the set Community using the ‘examine update settings’ command.

  executeRestCommand("examine", "update settings",
                     {"labelColumn" : "label", "urlColumn" : "label",
                      "showScore" : "false",
                      "selectedGroupColumns" : "Community"})

7. We select all six groups using the ‘examine select groups’ command.

  executeRestCommand("examine", "select groups",
                     {"selectedGroups" : "A,B,C,D,E,F"})

8. Finally, we export the visualization to an SVG file using the ‘examine export’ command. Figure 1b shows the resulting graph.
```
  executeRestCommand("examine", "export", {"path": "fig1b.svg"})
```

Discussion and conclusions

eXamine is limited to visualizing small, relatively sparse networks. It is not possible to use eXamine to construct a comprehensive layout if the network consists of hundreds of nodes or if there are dozens of annotation sets to visualize at the same time. This is a natural limitation of any visualization approach based on node-link diagrams and set contours.

eXamine currently uses Cytoscape’s CyREST API to import networks and their annotations. If apps that provide gene enrichment analysis functionality, such as BiNGO¹², would expose this functionality through the CyREST API, we envision updating the workflow to include this type of upstream analysis. Finally, it would be good to enhance the API to return richer R and Python data types rather than a flag indicating whether the command succeeded. For instance, upon a ‘generate groups’ it would be good to actually return a dataframe containing the groups. This, however, will require switching from the ‘Command’ interface to the ‘Functions’ interface.

Summary

eXamine is a Cytoscape app for a set-oriented visual analysis approach for small annotated graphs that displays set membership as contours on top of a node-link layout (Figure 1). In this paper, we presented new automation features for eXamine that are accessible through Cytoscape’s REST API (Table 1). As such, researchers can embed eXamine in reproducible and well-documented workflows that generate appealing visualizations of small, set-annotated graphs (Figure 1). We demonstrated two such workflows in the context of computational network biology and social network analysis.

Data and software availability

1. Cytoscape app store: http://apps.cytoscape.org/apps/examine

2. Source code: https://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine

3. Link to latest commit as of release: https://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/commit/c1c3e643250c668c77a40cb982f9d122993e22a5

4. Link to archived source code as at time of publication: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.1302788¹³

5. License: GPL v2.0

6. Link to use case data: https://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial.

7. Link to Jupyter notebooks: https://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial.ipynb and https://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial2.ipynb.

8. Link to R markdown documents: https://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial_R.Rmd and https://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial2_R.Rmd.

Notes

^Ihttp://manual.cytoscape.org/en/stable/Creating_Networks.html#grouping-nodes

^IIhttp://ialab.it.monash.edu/webcola/

^IIIhttp://manual.cytoscape.org/en/stable/Programmatic_Access_to_Cytoscape_Features_Scripting.html

^IVhttps://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial.ipynb

^Vhttps://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial_R.Rmd

^VIhttps://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial2.ipynb

^VIIhttps://github.com/ls-cwi/eXamine/blob/master/doc/tutorial/eXamineNotebook/eXamineTutorial2_R.Rmd

Author contributions

KD and PS implemented the automation features of eXamine. MEK and GWK supervised the project. GWK, KD, MEK and PS wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the manuscript.

Competing interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Grant information

The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work.

Faculty Opinions recommended

References

1. Dinkla K, El-Kebir M, Bucur CI, et al.: eXamine: exploring annotated modules in networks. BMC Bioinformatics. 2014; 15: 201. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
2. Ideker T, Ozier O, Schwikowski B, et al.: Discovering regulatory and signalling circuits in molecular interaction networks. Bioinformatics. 2002; 18(Suppl 1): S233–S240. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
3. Dittrich MT, Klau GW, Rosenwald A, et al.: Identifying functional modules in protein-protein interaction networks: an integrated exact approach. Bioinformatics. 2008; 24(13): i223–31. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
4. Ashburner M, Ball CA, Blake JA, et al.: Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. The Gene Ontology Consortium. Nat Genet. 2000; 25(1): 25–29. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
5. The Gene Ontology Consortium: Expansion of the Gene Ontology knowledgebase and resources. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017; 45(D1): D331–D338. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
6. Kanehisa M, Furumichi M, Tanabe M, et al.: KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017; 45(D1): D353–D36. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
7. Dwyer T, Koren Y, Marriott K: IPSEP-COLA: an incremental procedure for separation constraint layout of graphs. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2006; 12(5): 821–828. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
8. Venn and Euler Diagrams: Venn and Euler Diagrams. Reference Source
9. Nishida K, Ono K, Kanaya S, et al.: KEGGscape: a Cytoscape app for pathway data integration [version 1; referees: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. F1000Res. 2014; 3: 144. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text
10. Zachary WW: An information flow model for conflict and fission in small groups. J Anthropol Res. 1977; 33(4): 452–473. Publisher Full Text
11. Chen W, Liu Z, Sun X, et al.: A game-theoretic framework to identify overlapping communities in social networks. Data Min Knowl Discov. 2010; 21(2): 224–240. Publisher Full Text
12. Maere S, Heymans K, Kuiper M: BiNGO: a Cytoscape plugin to assess overrepresentation of gene ontology categories in biological networks. Bioinformatics. 2005; 21(16): 3448–3449. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text
13. El-Kebir M, Dinkla K, Klau GW, et al.: ls-cwi/eXamine: Updated documentation (Version v2.1.2). Zenodo. 2018. Data Source

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Version 2

VERSION 2 PUBLISHED 30 Apr 2018

Author details Author details

Philipp Spohr
Roles: Data Curation, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Kasper Dinkla
Roles: Conceptualization, Methodology, Software, Visualization, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Gunnar W. Klau
Roles: Conceptualization, Supervision, Validation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Mohammed El-Kebir
Roles: Conceptualization, Data Curation, Supervision, Validation, Writing – Original Draft Preparation, Writing – Review & Editing

Competing interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Grant information

The author(s) declared that no grants were involved in supporting this work.

Article Versions (2)

version 2

Revised

Published: 05 Jul 2018, 7:519

https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14612.2

version 1

Published: 30 Apr 2018, 7:519

https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14612.1

© 2018 Spohr P et al. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Data associated with the article are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Zero "No rights reserved" data waiver (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication).

Download

Export To

metrics

	Views	Downloads
F1000Research	-	-
PubMed Central Data from PMC are received and updated monthly.	-	-

Citations

SEE MORE DETAILS

CITE

how to cite this article

Spohr P, Dinkla K, Klau GW and El-Kebir M. eXamine: Visualizing annotated networks in Cytoscape [version 2; peer review: 4 approved]. F1000Research 2018, 7:519 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.14612.2)

NOTE: If applicable, it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article.

track

receive updates on this article

Track an article to receive email alerts on any updates to this article.

Open Peer Review

Current Reviewer Status: ?

Key to Reviewer Statuses VIEW HIDE

ApprovedThe paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested

Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit.

Not approvedFundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions

Version 2

VERSION 2

PUBLISHED 05 Jul 2018

Revised

Views

Reviewer Report 19 Jul 2018

Richa Batra, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

Approved

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.16899.r35797

Thank you for updating the ... Continue reading

CITE

Report a concern

Respond or Comment

Views

Reviewer Report 13 Jul 2018

Alexander Pico, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA

Approved

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.16899.r35798

Thanks for addressing the ... Continue reading

CITE

Report a concern

Respond or Comment

Views

Reviewer Report 10 Jul 2018

Markus List, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

Approved

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.16899.r35796

I have no ... Continue reading

CITE

Report a concern

Respond or Comment

Views

Reviewer Report 06 Jul 2018

Barry Demchak, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Approved

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.16899.r35799

Thank you. These changes satisfy my concerns. Thank ... Continue reading

CITE

Report a concern

Respond or Comment

Version 1

VERSION 1

PUBLISHED 30 Apr 2018

Views

Reviewer Report 25 Jun 2018

Alexander Pico, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA

Approved with Reservations

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.15901.r33592

Many researchers arrive at point in enrichment analysis where they have tables of enriched ontology terms and pathways, but don't know how to go beyond presenting those data as tables or perhaps bar graphs. The use of networks is an intuitive and powerful visualization option. The eXamine app for Cytoscape provides a nice approach for displaying a simplified version of enrichment results. A couple steps are missing, however, and a few minor edits are suggested.

Missing steps:

All sources of enrichment that I'm aware of provide rows of terms and a list of genes in a single field per row. It would be nice if you provided a bit of Python to transform that common input data type to that required by eXamine.
I was wondering about genes that belong to more than one term (often the case). I looks like your tool handles these via a piped list. Is that right? Please describe the correct syntax in the text so readers don't have to guess.

Minor suggestions:

Groups in Cytoscape are no longer provided as a separate plugin, but rather are now integrated into the core of Cytoscape. Your reference to "RBVI Cytoscape plugins" should be updated to simply mention the Cytoscape manual and point to the section on groups: http://manual.cytoscape.org/en/stable/Creating_Networks.html#grouping-nodes
The LaTeX formatting for your Python code is unfortunately rendering single quotes in a way that throws SyntaxError in Python. Can you update the rendering so one can simply copy/paste snippets?
In the next version of this paper, I'd highly recommend using py2cytoscape (https://github.com/cytoscape/py2cytoscape). This will make the code you have write much more concise and easier to maintain or adapt. Likewise, I'd really like to see R examples and you can leverage RCy3 to make that code easy to write as well (http://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/RCy3.html).

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Yes
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard, however I have significant reservations, as outlined above.

CITE

Report a concern

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- Regarding the missing details on generating the enrichment input, the DAVID webtool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/)
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

Regarding the missing details on generating the enrichment input, the DAVID webtool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/) yields a file where the rows are genes containing a list of terms. Implementing a generic Python function that transforms enrichment output that comes in various to our required format is a challenging task. Ideally, the enrichment step should be part of the workflow, as described in Discussion.

We handle genes with multiple terms using lists, and the default separator used by Cytoscape’s import table functionality is indeed a pipe character. We updated the tutorials and text to describe this.

We updated the reference to "RBVI Cytoscape plugins".

We replaced all single quotes by double quotes, which are retained by the used LaTeX package for displaying the code (package is ‘listing’). Simple copy-paste of the commands into the Python interpreter should work now.

We thank the referee for the suggestions regarding R and Python. We now use the RCy3 library for the two use cases in R. As for py2cytoscape, we found that the functionality that we need is not supported directly and requires separate script files for each command. We found that using the REST interface directly was easier.
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

Regarding the missing details on generating the enrichment input, the DAVID webtool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/) yields a file where the rows are genes containing a list of terms. Implementing a generic Python function that transforms enrichment output that comes in various to our required format is a challenging task. Ideally, the enrichment step should be part of the workflow, as described in Discussion.

We handle genes with multiple terms using lists, and the default separator used by Cytoscape’s import table functionality is indeed a pipe character. We updated the tutorials and text to describe this.

We updated the reference to "RBVI Cytoscape plugins".

We replaced all single quotes by double quotes, which are retained by the used LaTeX package for displaying the code (package is ‘listing’). Simple copy-paste of the commands into the Python interpreter should work now.

We thank the referee for the suggestions regarding R and Python. We now use the RCy3 library for the two use cases in R. As for py2cytoscape, we found that the functionality that we need is not supported directly and requires separate script files for each command. We found that using the REST interface directly was easier.
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern
Respond or Comment

COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- Regarding the missing details on generating the enrichment input, the DAVID webtool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/)
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

Regarding the missing details on generating the enrichment input, the DAVID webtool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/) yields a file where the rows are genes containing a list of terms. Implementing a generic Python function that transforms enrichment output that comes in various to our required format is a challenging task. Ideally, the enrichment step should be part of the workflow, as described in Discussion.

We handle genes with multiple terms using lists, and the default separator used by Cytoscape’s import table functionality is indeed a pipe character. We updated the tutorials and text to describe this.

We updated the reference to "RBVI Cytoscape plugins".

We replaced all single quotes by double quotes, which are retained by the used LaTeX package for displaying the code (package is ‘listing’). Simple copy-paste of the commands into the Python interpreter should work now.

We thank the referee for the suggestions regarding R and Python. We now use the RCy3 library for the two use cases in R. As for py2cytoscape, we found that the functionality that we need is not supported directly and requires separate script files for each command. We found that using the REST interface directly was easier.
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

Regarding the missing details on generating the enrichment input, the DAVID webtool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/) yields a file where the rows are genes containing a list of terms. Implementing a generic Python function that transforms enrichment output that comes in various to our required format is a challenging task. Ideally, the enrichment step should be part of the workflow, as described in Discussion.

We handle genes with multiple terms using lists, and the default separator used by Cytoscape’s import table functionality is indeed a pipe character. We updated the tutorials and text to describe this.

We updated the reference to "RBVI Cytoscape plugins".

We replaced all single quotes by double quotes, which are retained by the used LaTeX package for displaying the code (package is ‘listing’). Simple copy-paste of the commands into the Python interpreter should work now.

We thank the referee for the suggestions regarding R and Python. We now use the RCy3 library for the two use cases in R. As for py2cytoscape, we found that the functionality that we need is not supported directly and requires separate script files for each command. We found that using the REST interface directly was easier.
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern

Views

Reviewer Report 21 Jun 2018

Markus List, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

Approved

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.15901.r34808

In their manuscript “eXamine: Visualizing Annotated Networks in Cytoscape”, Spohr et al. describe a new version of their Cytoscape tool eXamine. eXamine allows user to enrich the visualization of small networks via colored contours which represent specific annotations of subnetworks, e.g. functional annotation. eXamine is very useful because it not only highlights group properties in a visually appealing way but also allows the representation to be changed interactively. The software always attempts to achieve an optimal layout in which overlaps are kept at a minimum. Here, the authors have adapted eXamine to make use of the new Cytoscape automation features which allow for programmatic control of the plotting process, thus allows for generating reproducible results that can further be embedded in scripts.

The manuscript is well written and describes the new features and their usage clearly.

The code of eXamine is hosted on github and contains the two use cases from the manuscript in the form of popular Jupyter notebooks. Each step of the examples is well described and illustrates to the user how eXamine can be used in a scripting environment such as Python. In particular less obvious steps like extracting network ids from a JSON result help new users to achieve results fairly quickly.

I have only minor comments:

Unfortunately the second use case (Jupyter notebook) in the git repository did not work due to the use of a local file path instead of a public URL.
Add the end of the first paragraph the manuscript says “by dilating and eroding the associated links”. I’m not sure what is meant here with erosion.
Use case 1, first paragraph, there is a typo: feautures -> features
The github readme should briefly describe the jupyter notebooks and link to them.

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Yes
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

CITE

Report a concern

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- We fixed the link to the git repository for the second use case.
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We fixed the link to the git repository for the second use case.

We changed the wording of the sentence where we previously used 'erosion'.

We fixed the typo. Thank you for pointing this out.

We updated the Github README.md file.
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We fixed the link to the git repository for the second use case.

We changed the wording of the sentence where we previously used 'erosion'.

We fixed the typo. Thank you for pointing this out.

We updated the Github README.md file.
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern
Respond or Comment

COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- We fixed the link to the git repository for the second use case.
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We fixed the link to the git repository for the second use case.

We changed the wording of the sentence where we previously used 'erosion'.

We fixed the typo. Thank you for pointing this out.

We updated the Github README.md file.
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We fixed the link to the git repository for the second use case.

We changed the wording of the sentence where we previously used 'erosion'.

We fixed the typo. Thank you for pointing this out.

We updated the Github README.md file.
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern

Views

Reviewer Report 20 Jun 2018

Richa Batra, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

Approved with Reservations

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.15901.r34810

This paper presents new features to an existing cytoscape app namely eXamine. eXamine was initially developed to visualize small graphs and node sets. This new version of the app has automation features for reproducible research. Given the importance of reproducible research, this new version of the app is highly relevant.

Figure 2 should really be Figure 1. For someone new to eXamine, it aptly summarizes the app. Also the summary at the end is very clear.

It would have been great to have a small dataset and step by step guide through the cytoscape app. Then small R script that I can run to generate the same results. Could you extend it for R users? Do you plan it in future work?

If the paper is about automation of eXamine via python, then it should reflect in title. The current name of the paper is misleading.

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Partly
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

Reviewer Expertise: patient stratification, disease endotyping, clustering, network analysis, pathway enrichment, classification

CITE

Report a concern

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- We have merged Figures 1 and 2 in the revised manuscript.
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We have merged Figures 1 and 2 in the revised manuscript.

We included R example code in the revised manuscript.
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We have merged Figures 1 and 2 in the revised manuscript.

We included R example code in the revised manuscript.
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern
Respond or Comment

COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- We have merged Figures 1 and 2 in the revised manuscript.
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We have merged Figures 1 and 2 in the revised manuscript.

We included R example code in the revised manuscript.
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We have merged Figures 1 and 2 in the revised manuscript.

We included R example code in the revised manuscript.
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern

Views

Reviewer Report 18 May 2018

Barry Demchak, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

Approved with Reservations

https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.15901.r33593

This article describes the use of new Commands exposed by the eXamine app.

The article is well written and adequately describes the Commands. My comments are advisory, and I hope they can improve the paper.

The procedure for using Commands should be well known to a proficient Cytoscape user. However, there's an important class of user that wants to use Automation but isn't a Cytoscape expert. To help him/her along good reference Cytoscape manual (Commands Tool), and good to point out that the commands can be used from the Commands dialog, a separate Commands script (via the Cytoscape command line or the Tools | Execute Command File menu item), or via Python. (See last paragraph of Methods section.) Good, too, to remind the user that eXamine commands are in the examine namespace, and that different namespaces resolve to Cytoscape and other apps.

This paper is about Python usage. Good to remind user that similar calls can be made from R.

In the Introduction, it would be helpful to justify eXamine automation by giving an example of workflows that become possible. This motivates the user. This could be as simple as summarizing Use cases.

For Discussion, it may be worth speculating on the value of providing Python and R libraries that act as cover functions for the eXamine REST calls. Python and R programmers really want to think in terms of Python and R, not REST.

The color coding in Figure 2 is very effective. Can you also color code the corresponding REST calls in the Use Case section? This may require changing the color scheme so the examples can be easily read. (Maybe Red/Green or Red/Blue??)

In Use Cases, good to say where the Jupyter notebooks are ... even if you identify them at the end of the paper.

As a side note, I notice that all eXamine endpoints are GET. The Commands convention we're using now is POST, with GET being deprecated. In this case, it doesn't matter much, as the parameter list isn't long and there isn't any return result that would benefit from JSON encoding. For a future release, good to consider POST versions, too. That way, if an error occurs, you'll be able to return it in a CIResponse structure.

For the BASE_URL, the datasets are necessary to run the examples. Can you list them at the end of the paper? Of course, they must be persistently available for the life of the paper, correct??

In Use Case 1, step 2, it would be good to give a sentence or two explaining how/why a user would have created this dataset.

That's it ... nice job!

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Partly
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests: No competing interests were disclosed.

CITE

Report a concern

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- We included the following sentences along with a reference to the Cytoscape
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We included the following sentences along with a reference to the Cytoscape documentation:

‘Figure 1 shows a typical workflow of eXamine analysis, where the commands provided are in the `examine' namespace (red) and the commands provided by Cytoscape are colored blue.’

‘We note that the commands described in the two use cases can also be directly executed from Cytoscape via the `Commands dialog' or a separate `Commands script'.³’

We now provide R code for the two use cases.

We reworded the last paragraph of the introduction to more clearly describe the benefits of eXamine's new automation features.

We wrote the following sentences in Discussion:

‘Finally, it would be good to enhance the API to return richer R and Python data types rather than a flag indicating whether the command succeeded. For instance, upon a `table import' it would be good to actually return a dataframe. This, however, will require switching from the `Command' interface to the `Function' interface.’

Thank you for the excellent suggestion about the coloring. We colored eXamine commands red and Cytoscape commands blue.

We included URLs to the Jupyter and R markdown documents.

We now use POST commands.

We now include links to the datasets. They are indeed persistently archived using zenodo.

We included the following sentences in step 2 of use case 1:

‘This a protein-protein interaction network that is typically used for the analysis of high-throughput biological data in the context of a biological network. The Cytoscape app KEGGscape provides functionality for importing pathways from KEGG [9].’
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We included the following sentences along with a reference to the Cytoscape documentation:

‘Figure 1 shows a typical workflow of eXamine analysis, where the commands provided are in the `examine' namespace (red) and the commands provided by Cytoscape are colored blue.’

‘We note that the commands described in the two use cases can also be directly executed from Cytoscape via the `Commands dialog' or a separate `Commands script'.³’

We now provide R code for the two use cases.

We reworded the last paragraph of the introduction to more clearly describe the benefits of eXamine's new automation features.

We wrote the following sentences in Discussion:

‘Finally, it would be good to enhance the API to return richer R and Python data types rather than a flag indicating whether the command succeeded. For instance, upon a `table import' it would be good to actually return a dataframe. This, however, will require switching from the `Command' interface to the `Function' interface.’

Thank you for the excellent suggestion about the coloring. We colored eXamine commands red and Cytoscape commands blue.

We included URLs to the Jupyter and R markdown documents.

We now use POST commands.

We now include links to the datasets. They are indeed persistently archived using zenodo.

We included the following sentences in step 2 of use case 1:

‘This a protein-protein interaction network that is typically used for the analysis of high-throughput biological data in the context of a biological network. The Cytoscape app KEGGscape provides functionality for importing pathways from KEGG [9].’
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern
Respond or Comment

COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT

Author Response 05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

05 Jul 2018

Author Response
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.
- We included the following sentences along with a reference to the Cytoscape
... Continue reading
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We included the following sentences along with a reference to the Cytoscape documentation:

‘Figure 1 shows a typical workflow of eXamine analysis, where the commands provided are in the `examine' namespace (red) and the commands provided by Cytoscape are colored blue.’

‘We note that the commands described in the two use cases can also be directly executed from Cytoscape via the `Commands dialog' or a separate `Commands script'.³’

We now provide R code for the two use cases.

We reworded the last paragraph of the introduction to more clearly describe the benefits of eXamine's new automation features.

We wrote the following sentences in Discussion:

‘Finally, it would be good to enhance the API to return richer R and Python data types rather than a flag indicating whether the command succeeded. For instance, upon a `table import' it would be good to actually return a dataframe. This, however, will require switching from the `Command' interface to the `Function' interface.’

Thank you for the excellent suggestion about the coloring. We colored eXamine commands red and Cytoscape commands blue.

We included URLs to the Jupyter and R markdown documents.

We now use POST commands.

We now include links to the datasets. They are indeed persistently archived using zenodo.

We included the following sentences in step 2 of use case 1:

‘This a protein-protein interaction network that is typically used for the analysis of high-throughput biological data in the context of a biological network. The Cytoscape app KEGGscape provides functionality for importing pathways from KEGG [9].’
We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We included the following sentences along with a reference to the Cytoscape documentation:

‘Figure 1 shows a typical workflow of eXamine analysis, where the commands provided are in the `examine' namespace (red) and the commands provided by Cytoscape are colored blue.’

‘We note that the commands described in the two use cases can also be directly executed from Cytoscape via the `Commands dialog' or a separate `Commands script'.³’

We now provide R code for the two use cases.

We reworded the last paragraph of the introduction to more clearly describe the benefits of eXamine's new automation features.

We wrote the following sentences in Discussion:

‘Finally, it would be good to enhance the API to return richer R and Python data types rather than a flag indicating whether the command succeeded. For instance, upon a `table import' it would be good to actually return a dataframe. This, however, will require switching from the `Command' interface to the `Function' interface.’

Thank you for the excellent suggestion about the coloring. We colored eXamine commands red and Cytoscape commands blue.

We included URLs to the Jupyter and R markdown documents.

We now use POST commands.

We now include links to the datasets. They are indeed persistently archived using zenodo.

We included the following sentences in step 2 of use case 1:

‘This a protein-protein interaction network that is typically used for the analysis of high-throughput biological data in the context of a biological network. The Cytoscape app KEGGscape provides functionality for importing pathways from KEGG [9].’
Competing Interests: No competing interests. Close
Report a concern

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Version 2

VERSION 2 PUBLISHED 30 Apr 2018

Open Peer Review

Reviewer Status

Reviewer Reports

	Invited Reviewers
	1	2	3	4
Version 2 (revision) 05 Jul 18	read	read	read	read
Version 1 30 Apr 18	read	read	read	read

Barry Demchak, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, USA
Richa Batra, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany
Markus List, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany
Alexander Pico, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, USA

Comments on this article

All Comments(0)

Add a comment

Browse by related subjects

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

5 Views

19 Jul 2018 | for Version 2

Richa Batra, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

5 Views Cite this report Responses(0)

Approved

Thank you for updating the manuscript and adding the R code.

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Reviewer Expertise

patient stratification, disease endotyping, clustering, network analysis, pathway enrichment, classification

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

Respond to this report

Responses (0)

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

9 Views

13 Jul 2018 | for Version 2

Alexander Pico, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA

9 Views Cite this report Responses(0)

Approved

Thanks for addressing the points of my review.

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

Respond to this report

Responses (0)

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

9 Views

10 Jul 2018 | for Version 2

Markus List, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

9 Views Cite this report Responses(0)

Approved

I have no additional comments to make.

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

Respond to this report

Responses (0)

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

12 Views

06 Jul 2018 | for Version 2

Barry Demchak, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

12 Views Cite this report Responses(0)

Approved

Thank you. These changes satisfy my concerns. Thank you for taking such care with this material.

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

Respond to this report

Responses (0)

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

17 Views

25 Jun 2018 | for Version 1

Alexander Pico, Gladstone Institutes, San Francisco, CA, USA

17 Views Cite this report Responses(1)

Approved With Reservations

All sources of enrichment that I'm aware of provide rows of terms and a list of genes in a single field per row. It would be nice if you provided a bit of Python to transform that common input data type to that required by eXamine.
I was wondering about genes that belong to more than one term (often the case). I looks like your tool handles these via a piped list. Is that right? Please describe the correct syntax in the text so readers don't have to guess.

Minor suggestions:

Groups in Cytoscape are no longer provided as a separate plugin, but rather are now integrated into the core of Cytoscape. Your reference to "RBVI Cytoscape plugins" should be updated to simply mention the Cytoscape manual and point to the section on groups: http://manual.cytoscape.org/en/stable/Creating_Networks.html#grouping-nodes
The LaTeX formatting for your Python code is unfortunately rendering single quotes in a way that throws SyntaxError in Python. Can you update the rendering so one can simply copy/paste snippets?
In the next version of this paper, I'd highly recommend using py2cytoscape (https://github.com/cytoscape/py2cytoscape). This will make the code you have write much more concise and easier to maintain or adapt. Likewise, I'd really like to see R examples and you can leverage RCy3 to make that code easy to write as well (http://bioconductor.org/packages/release/bioc/html/RCy3.html).

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Yes
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Respond to this report

Responses (1)

Author Response

05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

Regarding the missing details on generating the enrichment input, the DAVID webtool (https://david.ncifcrf.gov/) yields a file where the rows are genes containing a list of terms. Implementing a generic Python function that transforms enrichment output that comes in various to our required format is a challenging task. Ideally, the enrichment step should be part of the workflow, as described in Discussion.
We handle genes with multiple terms using lists, and the default separator used by Cytoscape’s import table functionality is indeed a pipe character. We updated the tutorials and text to describe this.
We updated the reference to "RBVI Cytoscape plugins".
We replaced all single quotes by double quotes, which are retained by the used LaTeX package for displaying the code (package is ‘listing’). Simple copy-paste of the commands into the Python interpreter should work now.
We thank the referee for the suggestions regarding R and Python. We now use the RCy3 library for the two use cases in R. As for py2cytoscape, we found that the functionality that we need is not supported directly and requires separate script files for each command. We found that using the REST interface directly was easier.

View more View less

Competing Interests

No competing interests.

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

13 Views

21 Jun 2018 | for Version 1

Markus List, Chair of Experimental Bioinformatics, TUM School of Life Sciences, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany

13 Views Cite this report Responses(1)

Approved

Unfortunately the second use case (Jupyter notebook) in the git repository did not work due to the use of a local file path instead of a public URL.
Add the end of the first paragraph the manuscript says “by dilating and eroding the associated links”. I’m not sure what is meant here with erosion.
Use case 1, first paragraph, there is a typo: feautures -> features
The github readme should briefly describe the jupyter notebooks and link to them.

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Yes
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

I confirm that I have read this submission and believe that I have an appropriate level of expertise to confirm that it is of an acceptable scientific standard.

Respond to this report

Responses (1)

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

13 Views

20 Jun 2018 | for Version 1

Richa Batra, Institute of Computational Biology, Helmholtz Center Munich, Neuherberg, Germany; Technical University of Munich, Munich, Germany

13 Views Cite this report Responses(1)

Approved With Reservations

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Partly
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Reviewer Expertise

patient stratification, disease endotyping, clustering, network analysis, pathway enrichment, classification

Respond to this report

Responses (1)

Back to all reports

Reviewer Report

21 Views

18 May 2018 | for Version 1

Barry Demchak, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA

21 Views Cite this report Responses(1)

Approved With Reservations

Is the rationale for developing the new software tool clearly explained?

Partly
Is the description of the software tool technically sound?

Yes
Are sufficient details of the code, methods and analysis (if applicable) provided to allow replication of the software development and its use by others?

Yes
Is sufficient information provided to allow interpretation of the expected output datasets and any results generated using the tool?

Yes
Are the conclusions about the tool and its performance adequately supported by the findings presented in the article?

Yes

Competing Interests

No competing interests were disclosed.

Respond to this report

Responses (1)

Author Response

05 Jul 2018

Mohammed El-Kebir, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, USA

We thank the referee for the positive feedback. Below our point-by-point response to the referee's comments.

We included the following sentences along with a reference to the Cytoscape documentation:

‘Figure 1 shows a typical workflow of eXamine analysis, where the commands provided are in the `examine' namespace (red) and the commands provided by Cytoscape are colored blue.’

‘We note that the commands described in the two use cases can also be directly executed from Cytoscape via the `Commands dialog' or a separate `Commands script'.³’
We now provide R code for the two use cases.
We reworded the last paragraph of the introduction to more clearly describe the benefits of eXamine's new automation features.
We wrote the following sentences in Discussion:

‘Finally, it would be good to enhance the API to return richer R and Python data types rather than a flag indicating whether the command succeeded. For instance, upon a `table import' it would be good to actually return a dataframe. This, however, will require switching from the `Command' interface to the `Function' interface.’
Thank you for the excellent suggestion about the coloring. We colored eXamine commands red and Cytoscape commands blue.
We included URLs to the Jupyter and R markdown documents.
We now use POST commands.
We now include links to the datasets. They are indeed persistently archived using zenodo.
We included the following sentences in step 2 of use case 1:

‘This a protein-protein interaction network that is typically used for the analysis of high-throughput biological data in the context of a biological network. The Cytoscape app KEGGscape provides functionality for importing pathways from KEGG [9].’

View more View less

Competing Interests

No competing interests.

Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article:

Approved - the paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested

Approved with reservations - A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit.

Not approved - fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions

[1] 1. Dinkla K, El-Kebir M, Bucur CI, et al.: eXamine: exploring annotated modules in networks. BMC Bioinformatics. 2014; 15: 201. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[2] 2. Ideker T, Ozier O, Schwikowski B, et al.: Discovering regulatory and signalling circuits in molecular interaction networks. Bioinformatics. 2002; 18(Suppl 1): S233–S240. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text

[3] 3. Dittrich MT, Klau GW, Rosenwald A, et al.: Identifying functional modules in protein-protein interaction networks: an integrated exact approach. Bioinformatics. 2008; 24(13): i223–31. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[4] 4. Ashburner M, Ball CA, Blake JA, et al.: Gene ontology: tool for the unification of biology. The Gene Ontology Consortium. Nat Genet. 2000; 25(1): 25–29. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[5] 5. The Gene Ontology Consortium: Expansion of the Gene Ontology knowledgebase and resources. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017; 45(D1): D331–D338. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[6] 6. Kanehisa M, Furumichi M, Tanabe M, et al.: KEGG: new perspectives on genomes, pathways, diseases and drugs. Nucleic Acids Res. 2017; 45(D1): D353–D36. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[7] 7. Dwyer T, Koren Y, Marriott K: IPSEP-COLA: an incremental procedure for separation constraint layout of graphs. IEEE Trans Vis Comput Graph. 2006; 12(5): 821–828. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text

[8] 8. Venn and Euler Diagrams: Venn and Euler Diagrams. Reference Source

[9] 9. Nishida K, Ono K, Kanaya S, et al.: KEGGscape: a Cytoscape app for pathway data integration [version 1; referees: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. F1000Res. 2014; 3: 144. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text | Free Full Text

[10] 10. Zachary WW: An information flow model for conflict and fission in small groups. J Anthropol Res. 1977; 33(4): 452–473. Publisher Full Text

[11] 11. Chen W, Liu Z, Sun X, et al.: A game-theoretic framework to identify overlapping communities in social networks. Data Min Knowl Discov. 2010; 21(2): 224–240. Publisher Full Text

[12] 12. Maere S, Heymans K, Kuiper M: BiNGO: a Cytoscape plugin to assess overrepresentation of gene ontology categories in biological networks. Bioinformatics. 2005; 21(16): 3448–3449. PubMed Abstract | Publisher Full Text

[13] 13. El-Kebir M, Dinkla K, Klau GW, et al.: ls-cwi/eXamine: Updated documentation (Version v2.1.2). Zenodo. 2018. Data Source

eXamine: Visualizing annotated networks in Cytoscape

Abstract

Keywords

Revised Amendments from Version 1

Introduction

Figure 1. eXamine displays set membership as contours on top of a node-link layout.

Methods

Implementation

Operation

Table 1. Application Programming Interface (API) of Cytoscape commands provided by eXamine.

Use cases

Use case 1: Dysregulated signaling in Human Cytomegalovirus

Use case 2: Zachary’s karate club

Discussion and conclusions

Summary

Data and software availability

Notes

Author contributions

Competing interests

Grant information

References

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Open Peer Review

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Open Peer Review

Reviewer Status

Reviewer Reports

Comments on this article

Browse by related subjects

Competing Interests Policy

Stay Updated