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Research Article
Revised

Visualizing highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists: A bibliometric study

[version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]
PUBLISHED 19 May 2020
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This article is included in the Research on Research, Policy & Culture gateway.

Abstract

Background: Physiotherapy research supports the advancement of evidence-based practice and the development of a highly skilled workforce. This study aims to visualize the highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists from 1999 to 2018.
Methods: A descriptive study design was adopted to visualize the highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists using the Web of Science (WoS) database from 1999 to 2018. A search was carried out using the following keywords "((TS=(physiotherapy) OR TS=("physical rehabilitation") OR TS=("physical therapy")) AND AD=(India))Indexes=SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, ESCI, CCR-EXPANDED, IC Timespan=1999-2018”. Data collected were analyzed using Incites from WoS and VOSviewer software.
Results:  A total of 488 articles were published between 1999 and 2018, with a peak of 103 in 2016 with 2419 citations. A decline in publication count was observed after 2016. The journal International Journal of Physiotherapy published the highest number of articles (n=35). Manipal University (n=36) was found to be the most active institution for physiotherapy research in India, as determined by publishing the most articles. Indian physiotherapists published the highest number of research articles in collaboration with US authors (n=24).
 
Conclusion: There is an increasing trend in the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists over the past two decades; however, a decline is observed after 2016. It is recommended that research collaborations across the globe are increased and scientific output should be improved, leading to a higher number of citations. Future research should explore factors influencing the scientific production of Indian physiotherapists and devise appropriate strategies to attain further improvement.

Keywords

Bibliometric study, India, Physiotherapy, Scientific output

Revised Amendments from Version 1

In response to the reviewers' comments, the previously published version of this article was revised with appropriate responses. The new version of this article includes the revised abstract, manuscript text, tables, figures, data link, and references. The previously submitted tables and figures are updated with new data since one correction article was removed. Additionally, the three new tables, such as the collaboration patterns of articles, the top 10 highly cited papers of Indian physiotherapists, and the top 20 keywords are provided. Moreover, two new figures depicting the information about the top 10 collaborating countries and the top 10 authors collaboration are added using VOSviewer. A new heading "Limitations and Recommendations" has been added to describe the limitations and further recommendations of this study. All tables and figures are provided in the revised link (Version 2) of Open Science Framework in the same order as they appear in Version 2 of the manuscript. Also, seven additional supporting literature is added to strengthen the findings and are listed in the reference section. English language editing has already been carried out to improve the clarity of the readers.

See the authors' detailed response to the review by Aamir Raoof Memon
See the authors' detailed response to the review by Gopal Nambi

Introduction

The scientific output of a profession is recognized by the frequency of publications, which are published in peer-reviewed journals and indexed in bibliographic databases13. In physiotherapy, this scientific output is utilized to enhance existing knowledge and develop guidelines for highly effective clinical practice4. Accordingly, the analysis of scientific output allows the definition of baseline indicators in knowledge and clinical practice in physiotherapy5,6. Various studies investigated the scientific output of physiotherapists across the globe614. Among these studies, several utilized electronic searches6,7,911,13,14, whereas others were limited to document reviews8,12. Concerning the Indian context, only two studies have been performed to reveal the research productivity of Indian physiotherapists from 2000 to 2014, which were limited to the Medline database10,11. Moreover, Li et al. (2018) recently stated that Clarivate Analytics’s Web of Science (WoS) is the World’s foremost scientific citation search and analytical platform, which can be used as both a research tool and dataset15. Hence, there is a need for further research that should involve the WoS database to detect high-quality research publications by Indian physiotherapists until 2018. Therefore, this study was planned to conduct a bibliometric study on the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists using WoS during the last two decades (from 1999 to 2018).

Methods

The descriptive study design was adopted to reveal the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists using an electronic literature search in the WoS database during the period from 1999 to 2018.

Article selection

The search was conducted on 14th October 2019. The term ‘Indian physiotherapists’ denotes physiotherapy professionals employed in any of the academic or clinical establishments in India in the study period. The search was carried out in WoS using the following keywords “((TS=(physiotherapy) OR TS=(“physical rehabilitation”) OR TS=(“physical therapy”)) AND AD=(India))Indexes=SCI-EXPANDED, SSCI, A&HCI, CPCI-S, CPCI-SSH, ESCI, CCR-EXPANDED, IC Timespan=1999–2018”. The search started from 1999 since this study aimed to retrieve data from the past two decades.

Article screening

The search methodology is described in Figure 1. Based on the inclusion criteria, 488 publications were included and proceeded for further analysis.

44764d8a-3926-47f9-b415-ba683eb1b29a_figure1.gif

Figure 1. Flowchart showing the process for search methodology.

Data analysis

Retrieved articles were analyzed using Incites in WoS and Visualization of Similarities (VOS) viewer 1.6.11. VOS is a new method used for visualizing similarities between objects16,17. Incites was used to gather information on publication year, authorship ranking, source journal productivity, collaborating institutions, country-wise research collaboration, citations, and collaboration pattern of articles. In addition, the information related to h-index was obtained from the Incites in WoS. Here, the h-index reflects the productivity of authors based on their publication and citation records. It is useful because it discounts the disproportionate weight of highly cited papers or papers that have not yet been cited. The data, which is exported from the WoS database as an ISI common export (.ciw) format, were imported into VOSviewer to explore the co-occurrences of keywords used by the authors in their articles. The flowchart describing the procedures for carrying out both Incites and VOSviewer analysis is depicted in Figure 2.

44764d8a-3926-47f9-b415-ba683eb1b29a_figure2.gif

Figure 2. Flowchart showing the procedures to execute the Incites and VOSviewer analysis.

Since Incites in WoS used in this study is a proprietary software, the researchers could alternatively use a tab-delimited file downloaded from WoS and use it in VOSviewer.

Results

A total of 488 articles were included in the study; 381 research articles, 53 reviews, 34 proceedings, 9 meeting abstracts, 8 letters, and 3 editorial materials. The chosen period of study was divided into four strata with five years each. The strata were 1999–2003; 2004–2008; 2009–2013; and 2014–2018. In the first two strata, the publication count was observed in a single digit (≤9). In the third strata, this count has reached two digits with a maximum of 26 in 2013. However, in the fourth strata, an abrupt rise in the publication count was observed with a peak of 103 in 2016. Notably, the publication counts after 2016 decreased and rose slightly in 2018, but not to those levels seen in 2016 (Table 1 and Figure 3). Regarding citation count, there was a gradual rise over the research period, with a total of 2419 citations between 1999 and 2018, more than 100 of which have been documented since 2012. The highest average citation (citations/article) of ≥10 was observed only in 2006 (mean, 11.00) and 2014 (mean, 10.20).

Table 1. Publication trend of articles published by Indian physiotherapists between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

Publication
year
Articles% of total
publications
Citations
total
Average citation
(citations/article)
199910.2000.00
200010.2000.00
200140.8210.25
200210.2022.00
200310.2033.00
200461.2381.33
200571.4381.14
200610.201111.00
200771.43182.57
200891.84171.89
2009163.28342.13
2010112.25696.27
2011183.69935.17
2012214.301316.24
2013265.331847.08
2014255.1225510.20
20158216.802973.62
201610321.113563.46
20177415.164255.74
20187415.165076.85
Total488100.002419
44764d8a-3926-47f9-b415-ba683eb1b29a_figure3.gif

Figure 3. The growth trend for publications and citations by Indian physiotherapists between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types.

A total of 264 journals had published the 488 retrieved articles. The top 20 journals in which Indian physiotherapists published over the study period are displayed in Table 2. The top 20 journals published 174 articles i.e., 35.66% of total publications (N=488) in the research period. Out of the top 20 ranked journals, 11 were journals based in India, 26.79% of the total publications.

Table 2. Top 20 journals where Indian physiotherapists published between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

JournalsCountryh-IndexSJR
Value
JCR IFArticles% of total
articles
Total
citations
Average citation
(citations/article)
International Journal
of Physiotherapy
India***357.1760.17
Journal of Evolution
of Medical and Dental
Sciences- JEMDS
India***306.1540.13
Journal of Clinical and
Diagnostic Research
India280.35*265.33401.54
HaemophiliaUK841.163.5971.43689.71
Indian Journal of
Critical Care Medicine
India250.34*71.43537.57
Indian Journal of
Orthopedics
India240.370.97871.43172.43
Journal of
Orthopaedic Surgery
France360.430.95761.23366
Physiotherapy Theory
and Practice
England390.541.15861.23254.17
Indian PediatricsIndia460.341.16351.02346.8
International Journal
of Scientific Study
India***51.02173.4
Journal of Back and
Musculoskeletal
Rehabilitation
Netherlands250.530.81451.0200
Nitte University
Journal of Health
Science
India***51.0200
Annals of Indian
Academy of
Neurology
India220.380.89840.824310.75
Hong Kong
Physiotherapy Journal
Hong Kong110.3*40.82358.75
International
Journal of Oral and
Maxillofacial Surgery
Denmark901.091.96140.82297.25
Journal of
Maxillofacial Oral
Surgery
India***40.82133.25
Journal of Physical
Therapy Science
Japan230.80.39240.82123
Leprosy ReviewUK400.480.54140.8251.25
Annals of
Neurosciences
India140.44*30.61165.33
Bangladesh Journal of
Medical Science
Bangladesh70.15*30.6100

*=Indexed in Emerging Science Citation Index (ESCI) but not indexed in SJR and JCR

The International Journal of Physiotherapy published 35 articles, with six citations for these 35 articles, an average citation per article as 0.17. It was the most active journal found in this study and contributed to 7.17% of total publications. In contrast, the journal Haemophilia published seven articles with 68 citations for these articles, an average citation of 9.71. Similarly, Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology published four articles, with citations of 43, giving it the highest average citation of 10.75 (Table 2).

Table 3 shows the top 20 authors who worked with Indian physiotherapists to publish physiotherapy articles. These authors contributed 22.13% of total publications (N=488) in collaboration with Indian physiotherapists. Kumar S, Mahadevappa M, and Samuel AJ collectively have accounted for 5.74% of total publications (N=488). An Indian author named Kumar R (ICMR-National Institute of Occupational Health) is the Indian physiotherapist with the highest h-index (18) and had published five articles, which were cited 1372 times. The citations per article of that particular author was observed as high of 274.40. Further, the type of author collaboration was explored and the year-wise collaboration pattern of the articles was presented in Table 4. Out of 488 publications, 27.05% of articles were published by five and above authors, and 5.5% by a single author.

Table 3. Top 20 authors collaborated between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

AuthorInstitutionCountryArticles%Total
citation
Citation per
article
h-index
Kumar SKing George Med UniversityIndia122.46211.752
Mahadevappa MJSS Mahavidyapeetha India81.641026128.2513
Samuel AJMaharishi MarkandeshwarIndia81.64202.502
Biswas AJadavpur UniversityIndia61.2354490.6715
Singh SBanaras Hindu UniversityIndia61.2323138.502
Kumar RICMR-National Institute of
Occupational Health
India51.021372274.4018
Prakash VCharotar University of Science
and Technology
India51.0248096.009
Iqbal ZAKing Saud UniversitySaudi
Arabia
51.0211923.806
Lenka PKNational Institute of Occupational
Health
India51.0210521.005
Pattnaik MNational Institute of Technology India51.029218.406
Hariohm KCenter for Evidence based
Neurorehabilitation
India51.02285.603
Kumar ABasaveshwara Teaching and
General Hospital
India51.0200.000
Kumar NCentral Scientific Instruments
Organisation
India51.0200.000
Gupta ANational Institute of Mental Health
and Neurosciences
India40.82513128.2514
Maiya AGManipal UniversityIndia40.825313.257
Goregaonkar ABLokmanya Tilak Municipal
General Hospital
India40.82389.504
Arumugam NPunjabi UniversityIndia40.82358.753
Dutta ANorth Bengal Medical CollegeIndia40.82338.253
Gupta MVardhaman College of
Engineering
India40.82307.503
Gupta PPt JNM Medical College RaipurIndia40.8220.502

Table 4. Collaboration Patterns of Articles between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

Publication
year
Single
Author
Two AuthorsThree AuthorsFour AuthorsFive and Above
Authors
Total Authors
1999101
2000101
20011214
200211
2003101
20041236
200532207
2006101
20073137
200833129
2009253616
2010315211
2011316818
20122264721
20132596426
20145311625
201541619251882
2016518322325103
201721516152674
201861916132074
Grand Total2791117121132488

The top 20 institutions collaborating with Indian physiotherapists for physiotherapy research are displayed in Table 5. Among these institutions, Manipal University (India) has the highest number of publications, with 7.38% of total publications, followed by Christian Medical College Hospital (India; 3.89%), the Indian Institute of Technology (India; 3.69%) and King Saud University (KSU; Saudi Arabia; 3.69%). In total, 90% of collaborating institutions were based in India. Internationally, KSU and the University of London (UK; 1.23%) had the most active cooperation with Indian physiotherapists over this time period.

Table 5. Top 20 institutions collaborating with Indian physiotherapists between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

InstitutionsCountryArticles% of total
articles
Collaboration
Manipal UniversityIndia367.38National
Christian Medical College HospitalIndia193.89National
Indian Institute of TechnologyIndia183.69National
King Saud UniversitySaudi Arabia183.69International
All India Institute of Medical SciencesIndia142.87National
Dr Dy Patil Vidyapeeth PuneIndia122.46National
Nitte Deemed to Be UniversityIndia122.46National
Maharishi Markandeshwar UniversityIndia112.25National
Sri Ramachandra UniversityIndia112.25National
National Institute of Mental Health Neurosciences IndiaIndia102.05National
Indian Institute of Technology IIT KharagpurIndia81.64National
Apollo HospitalIndia61.23National
Banaras Hindu UniversityIndia61.23National
Charotar University of Science Technology CharusatIndia61.23National
Jamia Millia IslamiaIndia61.23National
Punjabi UniversityIndia61.23National
University of LondonUK61.23International
Pgimer ChandigarhIndia51.02National
St John S Medical CollegeIndia51.02National
St John S National Academy of Health SciencesIndia51.02National

Out of the total publications (N=488), articles published by Indian physiotherapists in collaboration with authors belonging to international countries was as follows: United States (4.92%), Saudi Arabia (4.51%), UK (3.69%), Canada (1.84%), and Sweden (1.02%). Italy, Pakistan, Brazil, Australia, Malaysia, and Mexico contributed 0.82% each to total publications (Table 6). Out of the top 20 countries, Indian physiotherapists collaborated the most with the US (after India), publishing 24 articles, which secured 370 citations (average citation 15.42). Notably, articles published by Indian physiotherapists in collaboration with German authors had the highest number of average citation (41.00), though only three articles were published. Besides, the top 10 highly cited papers during the study period were provided in Table 7. Among those papers, an article published by Singh et al. (2008) in the Digest journal of Nanomaterials and Biostructures received 236 citations until 2018 with the average citation of 18.15 per year.

Table 6. Top 20 countries collaborating with Indian physiotherapists between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

CountriesArticles% of total
articles
CitationsAverage citation
(Citations/article)
India48810028195.78
USA244.9237015.42
Saudi Arabia224.51904.09
UK183.6924513.61
Canada91.84293.22
Sweden51.02357.00
Italy40.825213.00
Pakistan40.825012.50
Brazil40.82379.25
Australia40.82235.75
Malaysia40.82112.75
Mexico40.8200.00
Germany30.6112341.00
Singapore30.6110234.00
France30.613210.67
Denmark30.61144.67
Iran20.413316.50
Argentina20.41126.00
Japan20.4184.00
Ethiopia20.4110.50

Table 7. Top 10 highly cited papers by Indian physiotherapists between 1999 and 2018.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

Article titleAuthor (Year of
Publication)
Journal TitleTotal
citations
Average
citation
per year
Nanotechnology in medicine and antibacterial
effect of silver nanoparticles
Singh et al. (2008)Digest journal of
Nanomaterials and
Biostructures
23618.15
Resting state changes in functional connectivity
correlate with movement recovery for BCI and
robot-assisted upper-extremity training after
stroke
Varkuti et al.
(2013)
Neurorehabilitation and
Neural Repair
10813.5
An adaptive wearable parallel robot for the
treatment of ankle injuries
Jamwal et al.
(2014)
Ieee-Asme Transactions on
Mechatronics
9413.43
Post-stroke balance training: Role of force
platform with visual feedback technique
Srivastava et al.
(2009)
Journal of the Neurological
Sciences
826.83
Seroma formation after breast cancer surgery:
What we have learned in the last two decades
Srivastava et al.
(2012)
Journal of Breast Cancer738.11
Comparison of continuous thoracic epidural
and paravertebral blocks for postoperative
analgesia after minimally invasive direct
coronary artery bypass surgery
Dhole et al. (2001)Journal of Cardiothoracic
and Vascular Anesthesia
693.45
A comprehensive yoga programs improves
pain, anxiety and depression in chronic low
back pain patients more than exercise: An RCT
Tekur et al. (2012)Complementary Therapies
in Medicine
535.89
Functional electrical stimulation of dorsiflexor
muscle: Effects on dorsiflexor strength,
plantarflexor spasticity, and motor recovery in
stroke patients
Sabut et al. (2011)Neurorehabilitation494.9
Mounier-Kuhn syndrome: Report of 8 cases
of tracheobronchomegaly with associated
complications
Menon et al.
(2008)
Southern Medical Journal433.31
Treatment-induced plasticity in Cerebral Palsy:
A diffusion tensor imaging study
Trivedi et al.
(2008)
Pediatric Neurology423.23

Using VOSviewer, the top 20 keywords used in articles (from a total of 2477 keywords) are shown in Figure 4. An article’s keyword may represent its primary material, and to some degree, the frequency of occurrence18. Likewise, co-occurrence can indicate centered themes of research in a field. Through VOSviewer, the authors observed top 20 keywords and it is shown in Table 8. Among the top 20 keywords, the minimum number of occurrences of each keyword was set to 11 and excluded the keyword “Physiotherapy,” “Rehabilitation,” and “Physical Therapy” from the formation of the cluster. There were three co-citation clusters formed using this criterion. The results showed that the keyword “Management (cluster 1 red color)” had the highest linkages (N=50) with all the 3 clusters, followed by keywords “Exercise (cluster 2 green color)” and “Reliability (cluster 3 blue color)” had 40 and 39 linkages respectively with all 3 clusters. Besides, the collaboration observed among the top 10 authors and top 10 countries were presented in Figure 5 and Figure 6 respectively. Concerning the top 10 authors collaboration, co-authorship network analysis produced a map for authors with at least four papers and formed six clusters. The most profile authors in terms of citation were observed as Kumar R and Mahadevappa M. These authors showed more collaboration. Furthermore, network visualization of countries with a minimum of four papers showed the top 10 countries in three clusters. The following pairs of countries showed a strong collaboration between them: India-USA (link strength =22), India-Saudi Arabia (link strength=22), and India-England (link strength=17).

44764d8a-3926-47f9-b415-ba683eb1b29a_figure4.gif

Figure 4. Top 20 keywords co-occurring in articles published by Indian physiotherapists between 1999 and 2018.

Graphic created using VOSviewer.

Table 8. The top 20 Keywords observed using VOSviewer.

Data obtained from Web of Science. Includes all articles types. N articles = 488.

LabelClusterWeight<Links>Weight<Total
link strength>
Weight<Occurrences>Score<Avg.
citations>
Score<Avg.
norm.
citations>
management11750465.69571.1319
exercise21640254.361.2534
reliability31439236.56521.132
therapy11436259.81.7033
pain31134203.751.1042
disability216301813.66671.5366
stroke21328247.8751.0259
osteoarthritis31227126.91671.7262
validity31124112.36360.6107
balance29221311.38462.0156
randomized
controlled-trial
211191216.52.4907
trial11118127.250.6662
diagnosis1916158.46671.7966
children17151711.05880.9079
low-back-pain3815122.91671.7737
gait2714147.28571.2058
prevalence1814113.72730.7486
strength2814112.63640.6387
surgery1811164.3750.6347
India1610146.85711.0477
44764d8a-3926-47f9-b415-ba683eb1b29a_figure5.gif

Figure 5. Visualization mapping of top 10 author collaborations.

44764d8a-3926-47f9-b415-ba683eb1b29a_figure6.gif

Figure 6. Visualization mapping of top 10 collaborating countries.

Discussion

Publication count

Using the Scopus database, a recent study had observed that Italian physiotherapists published 1083 articles from the year 1995 to 2016. More than 50% of the total publications were produced between the years 2012 and 201613. In India, Hariohm et al. observed that a considerable increase in the research output of Indian physiotherapists, using the MEDLINE database, between the years 2000 and 2014, with a total of 182 articles11. Through this study, the authors observed that Indian physiotherapists had published 488 articles in WoS from 1999 to 2018, with a peak of 103 articles in 2016. In addition, there was a considerable drop in publication count following 2016. Remarkably, the publication count during the fourth strata (i.e., from 2014 to 2018) accounted for 73.6% (n=358) of total publications (N=488). From these results, it is inferred that Indian physiotherapists are increasingly aware of publishing more articles in high-quality journals in recent years and have enhanced their research competencies gradually to raise their scientific output. Nevertheless, a considerable drop in their publication count after 2016 indicates that there is a need for further research to reveal individual and institutional factors causing this decline and frame appropriate strategies to improve the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists.

Citations

Littman et al. analyzed the research output of 45 physical therapy faculty in the southeastern US from 2000 to 2016 using their curriculum vitae. The range of publications and the citations of these faculty was observed as 0 to 43, and 0 to 943, respectively12. Further, Italian physiotherapists published 1083 articles with 13,373 citations in the Scopus database from before 1995 to 201613. Compared to these findings, this study revealed that 488 articles published by Indian physiotherapists in WoS from 1999 to 2018 secured only 2419 citations. Specifically, an article by Singh et al. published in 2008 had a high citation count of 236 till 2018. Besides, Sturmer et al. found that 222 articles were published by Brazilian physical therapy researchers in WoS in 2010, which had a total of 1805 citations6. In contrast, this study reported that Indian physiotherapists published only 65 articles with 171 citations up to the year 2010 in WoS. Even though the articles published by Indian physiotherapists were suitable enough for several researchers to cite them often, there is a need to improve the citation count of their publications in the future.

Journals

Notably, this study observed that Indian-based journals published 26.84% of the total publications (N=488); no publications were observed in US-based journals. Further, the highest count of publications was observed in an Indian-based journal International Journal of Physiotherapy. This affinity of Indian physiotherapy researchers towards Indian-based journals might be due to the nature of their research articles, or interest in country-based journals. However, those researchers should expand their contribution to other high-quality international journals. Exploring the reasons behind Indian physiotherapists’ choice to publish in these Indian journals is beyond the scope of this study, and further research is warranted to address this critical issue. In general, the choice of researchers to publish in a journal depending on the prestige, impact factor, quality of peer reviews, acceptance rate, readership, article publishing charges, and reputation to the scientific community19,20. Besides, the journals, such as Haemophilia and Annals of Indian Academy of Neurology, showed considerable citations and a high average citation for only a few articles published in these journals. This implies that these articles might be more useful for the researchers to cite them often21.

Collaborating authors

A previous study by Man et al. found that four Hong Kong physiotherapy professors had a median h-index of 30.5 and their average total number of citations was 2930.314. Moreover, Brazilian physical therapy researchers had a median h-index of 3, according to WoS6. Recently, Vercelli et al. reported that the mean h-index of 363 Italian physiotherapists was 2.2, which ranged from 0 to 16; mean citations per author were observed as 5813. On the other hand, this study observed the top 20 authors who worked with Indian physiotherapists with the range of total citations from 0 to 1372 and h-index from 0 to 18. Particularly, Kumar R (India), had the highest h-index of 18, total citations of 1372, and citations per article of 274.40.

Collaborating institutions

Hariohm et al. revealed that Manipal University is an active research institution with 59 articles in the MEDLINE database from 2000 to 201411. In line with this finding, this study also observed that Manipal University in India was the leading one among the top 20 collaborating institutions that had contributed to 7.38% of total publications (N=488). Besides, 90% of these top 20 collaborating institutions were based in India, whereas only two institutions were based in the UK and Saudi Arabia. This implies that Indian physiotherapists had more collaborations with institutions in their own country. However, there is a need for Indian physiotherapists to collaborate with international institutions to improve their scientific output.

Collaborating countries

This study reveals that Indian physiotherapists published the highest number of articles in collaboration with authors from the following countries, such as the US (4.92% of total publications i.e., N=488) and Saudi Arabia (4.51%). Whereas, the total percentage of publications with other countries is minimal. Hence, this study recommends that Indian physiotherapists should enhance their research collaboration with other countries since collaborative research allows the development of networks with early-career researchers in other countries2224, and improves the quality of their scientific output25. Furthermore, earlier studies have also stressed the importance of international research collaboration in health care, and it is frequently regarded as an indicator of quality to develop and disseminate scientific knowledge to newly developing countries26,27.

Keywords by co-occurrence

Dash et al. stated that the keywords are one of the three pillars of a biomedical research article. Using the right keywords would augment the article being found by other researchers as these are used by abstracting and indexing services28. Hence, this study revealed the top 20 keywords that occurred in various articles using VOSviewer software. It is observed that the keyword “Management” had the highest of 50 linkages with all the three co-citation clusters.

Conclusion

This study observed that the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists shows an uptrend in performance since 1999, excluding 2017 and 2018, where a considerable decline was noticed. The results showed that Indian physiotherapists had mostly published in Indian-based journals, and collaborated with Indian institutions. Even though there are high-quality publications, there is a need to enhance both the quality and quantity of scientific papers to increase the high number of citations and average citations. This study also recommends that Indian physiotherapists should expand their research collaboration internationally to improve their scientific output.

Limitations and recommendations

The findings of this study are only limited to the WoS database. Future research can focus on studying the research output of the Indian physiotherapists in other databases to ascertain their research productivity. Future studies can also focus on analyzing individual and institutional factors influencing the research productivity of Indian physiotherapists and develop suitable strategies to enhance their scientific production.

Data availability

Underlying data

Open Science Framework: Visualization pattern of the highly cited scientific output of Indian Physiotherapists: A bibliometric study, https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/8GSDH29

This project contains the following underlying data:

  • - Article level and citation data for all 488 articles retrieved.

  • - Journal, author, institution and country data for all 488 articles retrieved.

Data are available under the terms of the Creative Commons Zero "No rights reserved" data waiver (CC0 1.0 Public domain dedication).

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Subbarayalu AV, Peter M, Idhris M et al. Visualizing highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists: A bibliometric study [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. F1000Research 2020, 9:207 (https://doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.22390.2)
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Open Peer Review

Current Reviewer Status: ?
Key to Reviewer Statuses VIEW
ApprovedThe paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested
Approved with reservations A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit.
Not approvedFundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions
Version 2
VERSION 2
PUBLISHED 19 May 2020
Revised
Views
23
Cite
Reviewer Report 17 Jun 2020
Prakash Vaidhiyalingam, Ashok and Rita Patel Institute of Physiotherapy, Charotar University of Science and Technology, Changa, Gujarat, India 
Approved with Reservations
VIEWS 23
Its a well conceived study exploring key metrics of research work published by Indian Physiotherapists. I think citation-metrics data provided by the authors can be very useful to understand and analyse the publication trend and research productivity of Indian Physiotherapists.
... Continue reading
CITE
CITE
HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT
Vaidhiyalingam P. Reviewer Report For: Visualizing highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists: A bibliometric study [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. F1000Research 2020, 9:207 (https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.26175.r61695)
NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article.
Version 1
VERSION 1
PUBLISHED 24 Mar 2020
Views
47
Cite
Reviewer Report 07 Apr 2020
Aamir Raoof Memon, Institute of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation Sciences, Peoples University of Medical and Health Sciences for Women, Nawabshah, Pakistan 
Approved with Reservations
VIEWS 47
I enjoyed reading the bibliometric analysis of scientific output of physiotherapists from India. The manuscript is interesting but requires improvement in its content. My suggestions are given below:

Abstract:
  • Author 1: “….determined by
... Continue reading
CITE
CITE
HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT
Memon AR. Reviewer Report For: Visualizing highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists: A bibliometric study [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. F1000Research 2020, 9:207 (https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.24704.r61693)
NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article.
  • Author Response 19 May 2020
    Arun Vijay Subbarayalu, Quality Measurement and Evaluation Department, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
    19 May 2020
    Author Response
    REVIEWER 2
     
     
     Abstract:
    Author 1: "….determined by producing the most articles" should be revised to "determined by publishing the most articles"
    The correction has been incorporated in the manuscript (Refer Results ... Continue reading
COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT
  • Author Response 19 May 2020
    Arun Vijay Subbarayalu, Quality Measurement and Evaluation Department, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
    19 May 2020
    Author Response
    REVIEWER 2
     
     
     Abstract:
    Author 1: "….determined by producing the most articles" should be revised to "determined by publishing the most articles"
    The correction has been incorporated in the manuscript (Refer Results ... Continue reading
Views
34
Cite
Reviewer Report 06 Apr 2020
Gopal Nambi, Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia 
Approved
VIEWS 34
Thank you for the chance to review this paper titled “Visualizing highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists: A bibliometric study”. The major strength of this paper is that they have attempted to undertake a study on this title.
... Continue reading
CITE
CITE
HOW TO CITE THIS REPORT
Nambi G. Reviewer Report For: Visualizing highly cited scientific output of Indian physiotherapists: A bibliometric study [version 2; peer review: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]. F1000Research 2020, 9:207 (https://doi.org/10.5256/f1000research.24704.r61694)
NOTE: it is important to ensure the information in square brackets after the title is included in all citations of this article.
  • Author Response 19 May 2020
    Arun Vijay Subbarayalu, Quality Measurement and Evaluation Department, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
    19 May 2020
    Author Response
    REVIEWER 1
     
    Abstract:
     
    The search is limited with one database (WOS), what about the other databases?
     
    As this study only focused on revealing the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists in the WoS database, ... Continue reading
COMMENTS ON THIS REPORT
  • Author Response 19 May 2020
    Arun Vijay Subbarayalu, Quality Measurement and Evaluation Department, Deanship of Quality and Academic Accreditation, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
    19 May 2020
    Author Response
    REVIEWER 1
     
    Abstract:
     
    The search is limited with one database (WOS), what about the other databases?
     
    As this study only focused on revealing the scientific output of Indian physiotherapists in the WoS database, ... Continue reading

Comments on this article Comments (0)

Version 2
VERSION 2 PUBLISHED 24 Mar 2020
Comment
Alongside their report, reviewers assign a status to the article:
Approved - the paper is scientifically sound in its current form and only minor, if any, improvements are suggested
Approved with reservations - A number of small changes, sometimes more significant revisions are required to address specific details and improve the papers academic merit.
Not approved - fundamental flaws in the paper seriously undermine the findings and conclusions
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